*source form RECOM
Hi all and I'm a Recom-mer who used to surf this site for a long time for the latest info and I've gained endless benefits from this site, for free. Thus I'm here trying to share my experience and things that I know throughout the application of JPA Scholarship for the year 2008 with other Recom-mers.
This' what I experienced on 2008, obviously there're changes on 2009 (onwards). Thus I'm not sure if the information I've written expires or not. Anyway, I hope this article could clarify most questions in students applying for JPA Scholarship. Here it goes.
***
Many post SPM students will start to worry about their coming JPA interview after the release of their results. So I am too. But I've becoming a 'senior' of JPA interview already; I just had my interview on 4th April 2008 (8am, Panel 1, in INTURA in Sungai Petani). Here I would like to share with you all the information I've gathered so far before and after the JPA interview. Hope this will be helpful for people like me (who worry a lot and tried much on searching info about JPA things). I mean those who're goin' to have their JPA interview on 09' or so.
The JPA scholarship registration will be open right after the SPM result is released (early-mid of March), and only 2 weeks (14 days) are allocated for you all to fill the registration form. No mailing is required. This can be said as phase one. Just submit your info and cross your fingers to be shortlisted.
Before you register that scholarship, you need to sign up your IC number and your name to make an ID in eSila; so that you can proceed with your scholarship registration (there you fill your personal information). Make sure that you fill your details (especially IC number) correctly. Once it's submitted, it will be hard to undo the changes.
The online form is quite linear, compared to some other scholarships' online form. Just point your cursor (mouse) to the word "Panduan" if you need help on how to fill. Read carefully and follow everything stated there. There's one little bug I noticed from that form. In that salary section, they require you to fill 000.00 as asked in "Panduan" if your parent(s) have no income. But after submitting it, the value is changed to 0.00. That’s normal; don't waste your chance just to edit this value. It cannot be changed to 000.00. How I know this? It’s because I've tried on this year- and thus wasted 1 chance for editing.
For those whose parents are doing their own business (no salary), just divide annual profit by 12 (as one year got 12 months, right?). The annual profit's figure can be obtained from the Borang B or J or things like that. But it's still advisable to seek help from teachers or accountants for 100% precise answer.
Read the information given before filling the form. The rest shouldn't be a problem. Fill them up just like a normal online form. If I'm not wrong it's required to be filled in CAPITAL LETTERS. Don't forget this. After filling everything up, double check and submit it.
Check the site frequently. Normally the shortlisted name list will be released just one or two days after the closing date of online application (end of March). For those who take Medicine (Kedoktoran), keep your eyes open for the Kursus Kerjaya list (earlier). And it's compulsory to participate. Don't serve it as a trip to hospital or something. Notice everything you see and learn things from there. The reason is... continue-reading. Those who joined this kursus and think that they regretted still can change their mind. But it's during the interview day. Wait till that day and let the secretary (I prefer to say kerani ><) know that you want to change course.
Ok. Let’s say you're shortlisted. Congrats. You're one step nearer to the scholarship. Don't forget the interview time, panel, and location. What to prepare? This will be your big question. You got a few things to take care of. I say: attire, self-introduction, documents and... er mental-preparation + confidence.
What to wear?
A-must (in my opinion):
Males:
Slack (black or brown)
Leather shoes (I dunno how to say in English, in BM, kasut kulit, brown or black)
Alternative: 'Kasut batu' (I think the noise is quite annoying, it's up to you)
Long sleeve (You should know what is it, personally I think plain coloured one is better, try to avoid those with fancy stripes with different colours)
Tie (Must must must, don't ignore this)
Belt (I didn't wear it there, I think it's not really important)
Females:
Baju kurung (oh gawd, girls are lucky. Just get 1 set of baju kurung and you're done!)
Alternative: Males' attire (the interviewers consist of MALAY mostly; you know... you know... So personally I think the former- baju kurung is much better)
Leather shoes (Yeah it looks weird with baju kurung, but I saw more than 90% of them wearing this for interview)
Oh, some ask whether can wear National Service's attire or not. Try not to. I don't think it's formal.
How about batik (for males)? This one is the real formal dressing. But I really got no idea. So far I noticed, nobody wears this.
Coat (Kot in BM)? Yes, it really makes you look professional. But be prepared to be showered with tough questions (I think so). As it's like you're sticking a note on your forehead 'shoot me'. Try to be moderate lah... Why try so hard to be so special out of them? No point right? (But I saw got people wear this during the interview session. You can wear, but reconsider ><)
What to fit in your clear holder?
According to this year's (2008, latest, we know this only when we're in the interviewing place), the arrangement goes this way:
1. Slip Temu Duga (printed)
2. Slip Pemohonan (printed)
3. Your IC (original, leave 1 blank page for this. Just take out your IC and fit into this page when you're reporting to kerani, maybe you still need IC to do something else right?)
4. Your birth cert (original)
5. Father's birth cert (original)
6. Mother's birth cert (original)
7. Surat kewarganegaraan (of your parents, original, ONLY for parents who're born before Independence Day, in case you dunno >< 31st August 1957)
8. SPM result (original, yes it's only that printed slip, though it really looks like just a fake copy :/ )
9. Cert. of Co-curricular activities (original, put the best things you had during Form 4 and Form 5, bear in mind that these are the proves to show that you're better than the others. THIS-IS-IMPORTANT! ) "Try not to be arrogant while mentioning IT even though your performance is very good" -AnnDeBlurry, milkshake
10. Sijil Tamat Sekolah (original, the one with all the details of you, including your co-curricular performance and so)
11. Slip gaji (original)
Alternative: For those whose parents have their own business (bekerja sendiri), grab the returned Borang B or J or BE or (other code, I dunno much about this) and put the whole thing into that transparent A4 pocket. I've asked a lot other people and they suggested this, because there're no other better proves to prove their salary who do business themselves, since past 2 years (2006 I think), there's no return slip anymore. If not, we need to present that slip but not the Borang thing. So no slip gaji is needed anymore for this.
12. Borang pengesahan pendapatan (printed, filled)
*** Only get them signed by your Pengetua/ Penolong Kanan, but not Guru Kanan Mata Pelajaran, as what stated in the guideline provided with online borang pengesahan pendapatan, which is a PDF file. Maybe the interviewers aren't really gone into this, but just in case if you meet the choosy ones...
Provide a certified (yang disah, the photocopied version of slip temu duga, slip pemohonan and borang pengesahan gaji don't really need to be certified anymore, but if you want to, just go with it) photocopied set of the documents (stated in 1 to 12, ALL of them, they need to take back the copied set) and just put them in a transparent pocket or an envelope or take it with bare hands, you choose. Clip them together anyway you like, or you just take them there and give the job to the kerani. Paperclips are there, don't worry.
Anything else to prepare before-hand?
Write a script on self introduction. It's not 100%, just in case they need you to introduce yourselves. Include these things:
1. Name (for sure ==)
2. Last previous school (meaning you graduated from which secondary school)
3. Parents occupation (businessman, grocer, full-time housewife or so)
4. Siblings (Just say got how many brothers and/or sisters. If many of them are still studying, let them know; if all of them already graduated and can support your family... don't mention this until they ask you. This' kind of strategy heh)
5. Your co-curricular activities (This one is the real thing, say what achievements you got and do self-promotion and squeeze everything you got to them, try to make stars appear around you. But in my interview, I was not asked bout own co-curricular activities, thus I got no chance for this)
6. Which course you choose (with country)
7. Why you choose this course
8. Why you choose this country
Just know what you going to say. Memorising doesn't really help. As you need eye contact when communicate with the interviewers, and to me that time, I can’t load anything out of my memory--- I just said anything I thought of that time. So... memorising is a waste... trust me (or depends on how one thinks maybe :/ )
Let’s do a bit fast forward, enough for a few days of torturing (for people like me). It's the day. Go to the interviewing place you selected in that online form. Fetch the location map before-hand if you really don't know where it is. Don't lose this golden opportunity because of you are lost or dunno how to reach there that day.
You're on your formal attire, holding a clear holder. And having one or two pens (or pencils) in your pocket, as well as 1 thick covered notebook (some people bring test pad or A4 papers with plastic folder). You need a thick one as a base because there is no table provided for you to write, so most probably you write on your thigh and of course something hard is needed so that you can write really fast!
Upon reaching there, search for name lists and sign beside your name (that doesn't really matter, if I’m not wrong). And proceed to the kerani(s); most probably they're just next to the door of interviewing room, insulated. There, you have to sign your name this time, to show that you're present. And then the kerani will ask you to take the original copy out, as well as the photocopied ones. She/he will check and make a few marks there and they're kept. This means you're not bringing the documents into the room. The kerani's will do for you. The groups are arranged this way: 8am, 10am, 2pm or maybe got other time. Most probably it'll be done in 2 rounds or 3, each round take more or less 1 hour. So this means you really got to wait there long unless you're lucky enough being the first batch to enter the interviewing room. Relax and check who's goin' to be with you. Try to be familiar with them and make friends with them. Talk and share things with them. I did that and it really feels great. Of course if you want to, mix with others from other panel and group too! This'll temporarily make you forget about that interview thing and relax for a bit.
When it's your turn, the kerani will give you all number-tag and wear them. The interview is done in group, not one by one into the room (solo). She/he will ask you all to line up at the door to the interviewing room. IF you're the first one, I got to say that... you're lucky (or not, I got number one too ^^). Take a deep breath. Knock the door, stick your head in, greet them and ask permission to go in. Just say it loud enough. They WILL reply to you, don't worry. Go in and stand right in front of the seat according to number. Wait until they allow you all to sit, thank them and sit. Mind your sitting posture. Leg-shakers, learn not to do it in front of the interviewers! You really don't notice you're doin' that if you don't pay attention to that. Don't kill your opportunity.
They real game begins. The way it starts will be different. Some of the interviewers will add a little seasoning so that they're not bored of the repeating routine. So, prepare yourself for anything surprising >< If it goes the common way, there are three:
1. Introduction to yourselves, followed by discussion and personal questions.
2. Discussion and personal questions (You just state your name and school before you talk about your opinion, which would be nicer. Ish, I forgot to do that T.T)
3. Introduction to yourselves and personal questions ONLY (Oh, you're da' lucky man!)
The questions vary from current issue to unexpected ones. We say, no politics at our age, but during our year (2008 ), some of them were asked opinion about the General Election throughout the session (oh ****). Crazily, some were asked about their favourite TV show (or which they watched recently) and why they chose that. Another is: What's the headline of yesterday? This' the question for one of my Alor Setar friend. That night before he didn't read nation headlines, but only sports. Thus he just told them what he knew, which is, the result of soccer match (which team win which team by how much). The interviewers laughed. Is is a good sign? Nobody knows. Anyway he's one of the JPA scholar now, too.
These questions are really unexpected. Just be alert and I don't think you can really prepare for this :/ Read newspapers daily and this might help. If you're asked current issue, the list is here: (Thanks to other Recom-mers)
1. Increasing crime rate among students
2. Patriotism among teenagers
3. Parents are spending less time with their children (Ibu bapa pentingkan kerjaya daripada pendidikan anak-anak)
4. Perempuan masa kini terutamanya lepasan graduan luar negara menjadi ketua bagi kegiatan jenayah di Malaysia
5. Reality TV program give negative impact on students or not
6. Presents students are more pampered
7. 1st class infrustructure, 3rd class mentality (1st class infrastructure and 3rd class mentality still prevails)
8. Schools emphasize on academics excellence (Education system too emphasised on academics and tourism)
9. Junk food
10. Teenagers nowadays do not socialize
11. ICT: Advantages and disadvantages
12. Tahun ini ialah Tahun Melancong Malaysia. Apakah usaha yang boleh anda buat untuk melaksanakan program ini?
13. Mat dan Minah Rempit is a gang of young people who do not have direction in life, do u agree?
14. Heavy fines should be issued to litter bugs
15. Human resource
16. Drugs
17. Students who are choosy in picking their courses (Graduate unemployment is due to graduates being choosy about their job?)
18. Global warming
19. RMK 9
20. Things to prepare before going abroad
21. Children nowadays prefer to play computer games, etc
22. Violence
23. Female vs. Male in Academic Achievements
24. Reading Habit Among Youth is Declining
25. Dasar pandang ke timur
26. Corruption
27. Do you agree that bloggers should be registered?
28. Education system
29. The philosophy of a coin [the most unexpected question for me]
30. Do you think it's the right choice to categorize students into art stream and science stream?
31. Should school uniform be abolished or not
32. Tell us one strength and weakness of yours. One only
33. Pick a cartoon character that would best explain you and why
34. Picture yourself in 10 years time and what would you want to be
35. Isu-isu semasa di Malaysia pada masa kini?
36. Kemajuan sains dan teknologi membawa lebih banyak keburukan atau kebaikan
37. Your favourite TV programs and why
38. Nelayan laut dalam lebih mengutung daripada peladang
39. National Service for females should be established or not?
40. Malaysia harus membina sebuah pusat penyelidikan di kutub selatan
41. Negara barat dikatakan lebih maju dalam bidang IT. Apakah sebabnya?
42. Leadership & followership. The conclusion between leadership & followership
43. Our leader idols
44. Public Transport in Malaysia
45. Quality of Local Film vs. Foreign Film
46. Increasing crime Rate
47. Reality TV Shows (e.g.: Malaysian Idol)
48. Study Abroad vs. Study in Malaysia
49. Graduate Unemployment
50. National Service
51. Agricultural
52. Teaching of Mathematics and Science in English
53. Patriotism
54. 9th Malaysian Plan
55. How to promote our country?
56. Drug Abuse in Malaysia
57. Female vs. Male in Academic Achievements
58. Usage of Hand phone in Schools
59. Qualities of a Good Leader
60. Pollution
61. Healthy Lifestyles
62. Pros & Cons of Fast Food
63. Aspiration of Malaysia to be Center of Education Excellence vs. Sending Students Abroad
64. How will AFTA affect our Automobile Industry?
65. Vision School
66. Pros & Cons of Using Credit Card
67. Declining Reading Habit in Malaysia
68. Courtesy among Malaysians
69. Children nowadays are being pampered
70. Terrorism
71. ICT: Advantages and Disadvantages
72. White Collar Crime
73. Ways to Overcome Piracy (Counterfeit) Problem
74. 1st Class Facility, 3rd Class Mentality
75. Price of Petrol Increasing
76. Age for Driving License
77. Foreign Workers in Malaysia
The question discussed in my own interview session is "My mission and my vision", we're blank for a few seconds, but later know that it's just about our occupation, linked to what course we choose and how we gonna do contribution, something like this. My friends were to discuss about "Reading habit" and "Vision 2020".
Some panel gives 2 minutes to prepare for discussion. Some allocates 5 minutes. It really depends on your luck. Slide out the stationery and write fast. Think fast (I fail at brain storming T.T) and take down the points. Don't write essay, though some people really have the ability to write a 200 word essay in 5 minutes >< Holy**** Just don't try it.
The interviewer will be kind enough to ask who's going to start (while some panel don't, that's rare). If you're ready, raise your hand and start. Being the first can be a good thing, or the other way. Being the first, you can share all of your points, without worrying your points being mentioned by the others. But if you are not the first one, be smart. Point stealing is commonly done in my group. They steal points and further elaborate it so that they need not to draw out new points. It's not wrong, right? ><
Let’s go to the personal questions part. Oh this one is another crazy one. Those who take medical, I got a little list for you to prepare:
1. How do you think about that Kursus Kerjaya Kedoktoran? (Very very common)
2. How many teeth do an adult human have?
3. How many bones do an adult human have?
And for those who take other courses:
1. How do you think can contribute as a/an (job of your course) to our country?
2. How do you think can contribute as a/an (job of your course) to achieve K economy? (I think it's about the same. K economy= Economy based on Information Technology, just boom about, ha-ha)
And weird questions include:
1. What's the name of our Yang Dipertuan Agung? (Famous question in Kelantan state, Kelantanese, be prepared >< and the answer is Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin, the Sultan of Terrenganu and also the 13th Sultan of Malaysia)
2. (Let your imagination goes wild, expect the worst from them... any question just to make you panic. Just answer them calmly. Er, if you really dunno, just admit it. It's only when if you REALLY don't know about that. Saying dunno too much will surely ruin your impression to them too.)
Some of the time, I noticed that if you you're asked 1 question that you dunno, and IF you keep quiet and act like thinking of it, they'll probably ask another easier question. They're kind, they won’t eat you up. Try your best to answer the second question. If you fail them once more, uh, most probably they'll not ask you any other questions anymore >< Amen.
Some of the interviewers are paid to 'shoot' people. Meaning they find out the weak point of the things you said and they question about it. So, think a bit before you wanna say something, and be prepared to answer the questions they gonna shower you.
In fact, these 2 parts are just to test your confidence. Don't be nervous (but I did T.T and the interviewer ask me to relax and don't be nervous >< I’m sure this is a bad thing to me) Even if you think that your answer is a bit out of topic, just continue saying. It's not really a test to your ability of giving perfect points. They'll hear whatever you say. They are kind, again I say.
What happened to me?
In personal question section, I was asked: (we didn't have self-introduction part)
Q: Why do you choose Japan? (I chose Diploma in Engineering: Japan)
A: I think that Japan has nice culture and I would like to enjoy it. The technology over there is great too. I want to study the technology over there and bring the information back to contribute to our own nation. (Meaning import technology, how silly am I :/ )
Q: I don't think that the culture over Japan is nicer than the Western places. Western people respect other people better than the Eastern people. How do you think? (And the other interviewer says in BM) Apakah pendapat kamu?
A: Namun demikian, orang Barat sering dikaitkan dengan budaya kuning... (I haven't finish my talk, but the interviewer cut through my words)
Q: (She nodded) then if we compare between Japan and Korea, why you choose Japan?
A: It's because Japan has better technology and is the closest to our country (among the other countries) (Oh gawd, both the interviewer laugh at me ==)...
This is what happened to me. It's quite brief and I was quite nervous there. Notice that if they ask in Malay, then answer in Malay. Don't answer in English if they ask in Malay. That gonna kill your chance.
The interview days are around 1st of April. There are cases where interviewers play fool with interviewees on that day(April Fool, man). An example is, they keep change the language and for this, you'll need to pay attention to the language they use and answer with that language too. They might like to play fools with ya, but not all.
For those who have learnt other Languages that meets the country(course) you're choosing, you may want to include the certificate in your clear holder. Probably the interviewers'll ask you to speak abit of it. Just say a few simple sentences. For Japanese, some of my friends said there're people just saying 'ohaiyougozaimasu, watashiwa... ' this sort of thing. Sounds simple :/
After this, they will say the session is ending and ask you all whether have any question to ask or not. Then you all will be asked to walk to them and take the clear holders, which the kerani has taken to them. They'll also remind you all to take the online personality test at eSila. At this moment, if you did well and think really need to shake their hands to perfect the whole session, Do IT. English style will do, if you're a Chinese and you do the Malay style, it's a bit weird but again, it's up to you. Then greet them thanks and leave the room. If you're the last to leave, close the door with your hand, though it'll close automatically. Do it, maybe they'll notice this, who knows?
Then don't leave there yet. Take the Slip Temu Duga (original, printed) out and hand it to the kerani, they need this one. Then you'll be asked to leave. Sigh of relieve. Here your blood pressure is normal again.
It's not end yet. You got to take the online personality test in eSila within the 10 days (from the first day of interview). Serve this test seriously. Make sure your browser doesn't break down frequently and electricity supply to your home is stable (man, not a joke ><). If not, go to your friends' house to do this. Who knows that the God wants to play fool on you due to your carelessness? Also make sure that your computer time is correct. Change CMOS battery and synchronise the date and time via internet if you're using XP or Vista IF NEEDED. This sounds funny, but this is just to make sure that the odds aren’t going to happen to you. If not mistaken, this test can only be done ONCE. Not a joke, man ><
Login to that page and proceed with caution. You'll be shown a bunch of questions (around 250) and asked to finish in 45 minutes. There're 4 sections. First is more on moral thing (Smart smart lo here). Second part is about what are you interested on if you're given the chance. The third part is on your current ability. While the last part is about what job would you like to have if it's available to you? There must be a few NOs for the whole list of questions, unless you're the perfect guy ><
After finishing it, click HANTAR and print that page as asked. Then you're done. Pray for the best. Everything ends here. Sit back and rest after weeks of hard work. May rays of luck shine upon you all.
***
It has been 1 year since I created this article. There're people curious that did I get JPA scholarship or not, just to make things clear, I succeeded too. The course I've chosen is KEJURUTERAAN (JEPUN). Currently studying in UTM (Setapak Jaya, KL) and will be migrating to INTEC (Shah Alam) April 09 onwards.
Please give comments on it. Your valued opinion is much appreciated ^^ Thanks.
Showing posts with label TIPS. Show all posts
Showing posts with label TIPS. Show all posts
Wednesday, February 3, 2010
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Friday, September 25, 2009
TIMES : SPM2009 Last Minute Tips - English
English
SPM English consists of two written papers, Paper 1 (Directed Writing & Continous Writing) – 1 hour 45 minutes and Paper 2 (15 objective questions & 19 subjective questions) – 2 hours 15 minutes. Follow this guide to answer the papers.
Content
1. Strategy to Answering Paper 1
Section A: Directed Writing
Section B: Continuous Writing
2. Strategy to Answering Paper 2
Section A: Graphic Materials, Short Texts and rational Cloze
Section B: Info Transfer
Section C: Reading Comprehension and Summary
Section D: Literature
1. Strategy to Answering Paper 1
Section A: Directed Writing
Candidates are required to write a short composition consisting of 200 to 300 words with the help of a stimulus such as:
a picture
short notes
flow charts
graphs
diagrams, or
a map.
Depending on the requirements, your composition will be in the form of a:
message
speech
letter
story
narrative
descriptive or factual essay
description of processes and procedures
report, or
the minutes of a meeting.
Assessment Objectives
To test candidates’ ability to:
Read & understand the task at hand.
Use given information to generate ideas.
Use clear & accurate standard English in your response.
Use appropriate format, language, tone, style, sentence structures, vocabulary, punctuations, spelling & paragraphing.
Answering Techniques
Firstly, read the question and identify the task & format. Understand what the question wants. Don’t steer out of topic.
Study the given notes & organise your:
Intro, Body & Conclusion
Elaborate and expand your points into sentences, sentences into paragraphs, and paragraphs into composition.
Lastly, check & edit your composition’s grammar, language usage and spelling.
Section B: Continuous Writing
Candidates are required to write a composition of at least 350 words. Five composition topics will be given; choose ONE. Your composition may be a:
narrative
descriptive
expository, or
an argumentative composition.
Assessment Objectives
To test candidates’ ability to:
Produce a piece of continuous prose in accurate standard English.
Respond relevantly & creatively to chosen topic.
Construct sentences of various length, types & structures.
Punctuate & spell accurately over a wide range of vocabulary.
Write in paragraphs which are appropriately linked & show cohesion.
Engage & sustain interest of reader.
Answering Techniques
It’s best to choose a familiar title.
Brainstorm/generate ideas related to topic. Jot down everything.
Plan outline for composition.
Organize points into:
Intro, Body & Conclusion
Expand your points into sentences, sentences into paragraphs, and paragraphs into composition.
Edit for language, organisation & interest.
Characteristics of a Good Essay
Addresses topic clearly & completely.
Uses all points effectively.
Express ideas fluently & creatively.
Use appropriate & accurate varieties of vocabulary & language.
Vivid descriptions & well-constructed plot/story line, with well-organised paragraphs/points.
Sustain interest of reader.
2. Stategy to Answering Paper 2
Section A: Graphic Materials, Short Texts and Rational Cloze
Candidates are required to answer 15 objective questions. The first eight objective questions will test your understanding of the basic who, what, where, when, how-questions, based on a series of:
advertisements
graphic materials, and
short texts.
The rest of the seven objective questions are rational cloze passages that will test your grammar and vocabulary.
Assessment Objectives
Ability to understand and interpret graphics & texts.
Grammar, vocabulary & language usage skills.
Answering Techniques
Firstly, read the questions & understand keywords.
Study the given options & choose the BEST answer according to context.
Note your language structure, tenses & agreement.
Section B: Info Transfer
Candidates are required to answer 10 subjective questions based on a given:
graphic, or
non-graphic stimulus.
Answers can be a:
word
phrase, or
a short sentence.
Assessment Objectives
Ability to make inferences based on a given stimuli.
Ability to transfer relevant information from one text type to another.
Answering Techniques
Firstly, read the information in the given text/stimulus.
Study the questions/situations/table.
Understand the information and draw your conclusion.
Section C: Reading Comprehension and Summary
Candidates are required to answer five questions based on an 800 to 1,000 words extract from:
newspaper articles
essays
dialogues
speeches
memos
reports, or
letters.
You are required to:
recall specific details
identify main points
draw conclusions, and
make inferences.
In the summary questions, candidates are required to summarise a selected area of the text in not more than 130 words.
Assessment Objectives
Comprehension and ability to understand text, language usage & vocabulary.
Ability to extract main points from supporting details and organize them coherently to answer questions.
Answering Techniques
Firstly, scan and read through the passage for general understanding.
Read again to get main idea of paragraphs.
Read the questions & get keywords.
Identify part of text and check for clues.
Understand question.
Read required part of passage and underline related points.
Lastly, rephrase points using own words.
Section D: Literature
Candidates are required to answer three open-ended short response questions based on:
poems
short stories,
and novel.
The questions will incorporate describing the:
plot
characters
setting
language devices
themes, and
messages of the literature components.
Assessment Objectives
Students’ familiarity with poems, short stories & chosen novel.
Comprehension skills of language devices, theme, plot & characters.
Answering Techniques
Understand contextual meanings of words/phrases.
Understand content/message.
Understand theme.
Understand characteristics & plot.
Answer the questions and substantiate your answers with references from text.
SPM English consists of two written papers, Paper 1 (Directed Writing & Continous Writing) – 1 hour 45 minutes and Paper 2 (15 objective questions & 19 subjective questions) – 2 hours 15 minutes. Follow this guide to answer the papers.
Content
1. Strategy to Answering Paper 1
Section A: Directed Writing
Section B: Continuous Writing
2. Strategy to Answering Paper 2
Section A: Graphic Materials, Short Texts and rational Cloze
Section B: Info Transfer
Section C: Reading Comprehension and Summary
Section D: Literature
1. Strategy to Answering Paper 1
Section A: Directed Writing
Candidates are required to write a short composition consisting of 200 to 300 words with the help of a stimulus such as:
a picture
short notes
flow charts
graphs
diagrams, or
a map.
Depending on the requirements, your composition will be in the form of a:
message
speech
letter
story
narrative
descriptive or factual essay
description of processes and procedures
report, or
the minutes of a meeting.
Assessment Objectives
To test candidates’ ability to:
Read & understand the task at hand.
Use given information to generate ideas.
Use clear & accurate standard English in your response.
Use appropriate format, language, tone, style, sentence structures, vocabulary, punctuations, spelling & paragraphing.
Answering Techniques
Firstly, read the question and identify the task & format. Understand what the question wants. Don’t steer out of topic.
Study the given notes & organise your:
Intro, Body & Conclusion
Elaborate and expand your points into sentences, sentences into paragraphs, and paragraphs into composition.
Lastly, check & edit your composition’s grammar, language usage and spelling.
Section B: Continuous Writing
Candidates are required to write a composition of at least 350 words. Five composition topics will be given; choose ONE. Your composition may be a:
narrative
descriptive
expository, or
an argumentative composition.
Assessment Objectives
To test candidates’ ability to:
Produce a piece of continuous prose in accurate standard English.
Respond relevantly & creatively to chosen topic.
Construct sentences of various length, types & structures.
Punctuate & spell accurately over a wide range of vocabulary.
Write in paragraphs which are appropriately linked & show cohesion.
Engage & sustain interest of reader.
Answering Techniques
It’s best to choose a familiar title.
Brainstorm/generate ideas related to topic. Jot down everything.
Plan outline for composition.
Organize points into:
Intro, Body & Conclusion
Expand your points into sentences, sentences into paragraphs, and paragraphs into composition.
Edit for language, organisation & interest.
Characteristics of a Good Essay
Addresses topic clearly & completely.
Uses all points effectively.
Express ideas fluently & creatively.
Use appropriate & accurate varieties of vocabulary & language.
Vivid descriptions & well-constructed plot/story line, with well-organised paragraphs/points.
Sustain interest of reader.
2. Stategy to Answering Paper 2
Section A: Graphic Materials, Short Texts and Rational Cloze
Candidates are required to answer 15 objective questions. The first eight objective questions will test your understanding of the basic who, what, where, when, how-questions, based on a series of:
advertisements
graphic materials, and
short texts.
The rest of the seven objective questions are rational cloze passages that will test your grammar and vocabulary.
Assessment Objectives
Ability to understand and interpret graphics & texts.
Grammar, vocabulary & language usage skills.
Answering Techniques
Firstly, read the questions & understand keywords.
Study the given options & choose the BEST answer according to context.
Note your language structure, tenses & agreement.
Section B: Info Transfer
Candidates are required to answer 10 subjective questions based on a given:
graphic, or
non-graphic stimulus.
Answers can be a:
word
phrase, or
a short sentence.
Assessment Objectives
Ability to make inferences based on a given stimuli.
Ability to transfer relevant information from one text type to another.
Answering Techniques
Firstly, read the information in the given text/stimulus.
Study the questions/situations/table.
Understand the information and draw your conclusion.
Section C: Reading Comprehension and Summary
Candidates are required to answer five questions based on an 800 to 1,000 words extract from:
newspaper articles
essays
dialogues
speeches
memos
reports, or
letters.
You are required to:
recall specific details
identify main points
draw conclusions, and
make inferences.
In the summary questions, candidates are required to summarise a selected area of the text in not more than 130 words.
Assessment Objectives
Comprehension and ability to understand text, language usage & vocabulary.
Ability to extract main points from supporting details and organize them coherently to answer questions.
Answering Techniques
Firstly, scan and read through the passage for general understanding.
Read again to get main idea of paragraphs.
Read the questions & get keywords.
Identify part of text and check for clues.
Understand question.
Read required part of passage and underline related points.
Lastly, rephrase points using own words.
Section D: Literature
Candidates are required to answer three open-ended short response questions based on:
poems
short stories,
and novel.
The questions will incorporate describing the:
plot
characters
setting
language devices
themes, and
messages of the literature components.
Assessment Objectives
Students’ familiarity with poems, short stories & chosen novel.
Comprehension skills of language devices, theme, plot & characters.
Answering Techniques
Understand contextual meanings of words/phrases.
Understand content/message.
Understand theme.
Understand characteristics & plot.
Answer the questions and substantiate your answers with references from text.
TIMES : SPM2009 Last Minute Tips - Bahasa Melayu
Bahasa Melayu
SPM Bahasa Melayu mengandungi Kertas 1 (Bahagian A: karangan berpandu/bahan rangsangan & Bahagian B: Karangan Esei) dan Kertas 2 (Rumusan, Pemahaman, Tatabahasa, dan Novel). Ikutilah panduan ini untuk menjawab kertas-kertas soalan tersebut.
Kandungan
1. Strategi Menjawab Kertas 1
Bahagian A
Tips
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Bahagian B
Tips
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
2. Strategi Menjawab Kertas 2
Soalan 1: Rumusan
Tips
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Soalan 2 – Pemahaman
Tips
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Soalan 3 – Pengetahuan dan Kemahiran Bahasa
Tips
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Soalan 4 – Novel
Tips
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
1. Strategi Menjawab Kertas 1
Bahagian A
soalan berpandu yang memerlukan calon menjawab antara 200 hingga 250 patah perkataan
Tips
Calon perlu menjawab mengikut arahan soalan. Sekiranya arahan memerlukan calon mengemukakan faktor, begitu juga sekiranya kesan, kemukan pendapat kerkenaan kesan sebagai isi.
Calon dibenarkan menjawab seberapa panjang yang boleh iaitu melebihi 250 patah perkataan, walau bagaimanapun, calon dinasihatkan supaya menepati masa menjawab yang dicadangkan iaitu 45 minit agar calon boleh menumpukan perhatian kepada Bahagian B nanti.
Perlu ada pendahuluan dan kesimpulan.
Tidak perlu menulis tajuk karangan.
Gunakan penanda wacana yang menarik seperti sementelahan, malar-malar dan sebagainya serta ungkapan yang indah, contohnya ‘dalam meyusuri alaf transformasi ini…’ untuk menghasilkan karangan yang baik.
Kemukakan satu atau dua peribahasa yang bersesuaian tetapi jangan terlalu lewah dengan peribahasa sehingga menghilangkan keindahan bahasanya. Sebaik-baiknya peribahasa mengakhiri karangan supaya menjadi penutup yang berkesan terhadap isi karangan.
Beri perhatian terhadap arahan soalan kerana dalam arahan tersebut terkandung isi yang sepatutnya calon huraikan.
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Calon menjawab terlalu panjang menyebabkan calon mengambil masa yang lama iaitu melebihi 45 minit seperti yang disarankan. Keadaan ini menyebabkan calon panik apabila kesuntukkan masa untuk menjawab soalan Bahagian B.
Calon menjawab soalan semata-mata berpandukan gambar tanpa kembangkan idea menyebabkan isi calon tidak bercambah dan isi tidak dikembangkan.
Calon tidak kemukakan peribahasa yang bersesuaian dan sebahagian besar calon langsung tidak menggunakan peribahasa dalam mengukuhkan isi.
Isi yang calon kemukakan terpesong daripada soalan, contohnya dalam arahan memerlukan calon menyatakan langkah, tetapi calon mengemukakan punca.
Calon mengemuka semua fakta seperti punca, kesan, dan langkah walhal arahan dalam soalan tersebut ialah kesan.
Bahagian B
soalan esei panjang memerlukan calon menjawab melebihi 350 patah perkataan.
Bahagian B, meliputi karangan berformat, tanpa format, dan komponen sastera iaitu berbentuk cerpen atau pendapat (kritik/ulasan).
Tips
Ayat yang digunakan perlulah pendek dan jelas untuk mengelakkan berlakunya kesalahan bahasa.
Gunakan tanda bacaan yang betul serta penanda wacana yang bersesuaian untuk menunjukkan ada kesinambungan antara isi terdahulu dengan isi seterusnya.
Cuba hasilkan karangan yang melebihi 400 patah perkataan tetapi menepati kehendak soalan dan untuk menghasilkan karangan yang lengkap setiap isi memerlukan sekurang-kurangnya dua huraian beserta dua contoh.
Sertakan antara tiga hingga empat peribahasa dan lebih ideal sekiranya karangan ditutup dengan peribahasa yang bersesuaian.
Corak soalan masa kini lebih menjurus kepada laras soalan:
Soalan 1, lebih kepada soalan berkaitan individu
Soalan 2, aspek kekeluargaan
Soalan 3, berkenaan kemasyarakatan
Soalan 4, peringkat kebangsaan atau antarabangsa
Soalan 5, aspek kesusasteraan.
Sekiranya calon kurang mahir atau kurang ilmu pengetahuan berkenaan isu semasa peringkat kebangsaan atau antarabangsa, elakkan daripada menjawab soalan tersebut. Pilihlah soalan yang calon paling arif berkenaaannya.
Terkini, soalan yang dikemukakan lebih menjuruskan kepada pengetahuan umum yang menyebabkan calon perlu membaca lebih berkenaan isu-isu semasa.
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Calon menjawab kurang daripada 350 patah perkataan menyebabkan isi kurang dan huraian tidak lengkap.
Calon tidak kembangkan isi dan kemukakan satu contoh dan satu huraian sahaja untuk setiap isi.
Calon kemukakan terlalu banyak isi tetapi hanya dihuraikan secara umum tanpa diolah.
Calon menjawab soalan yang memerlukan pengetahuan yang luas sedangkan pengetahuan calon agak terhad. Contohnya soalan berkenaan penyakit berbahaya calon Cuma tahu berkenaan satu atau dua jenis penyakit sahaja.
Calon mengemukakan peribahasa yang salah atau tidak sesuai atau langsung tidak menyatakan peribahasa.
Idea calon terpesong daripada kehendak soalan.
Calon menggunakan perkataan yang berulang dan tidak variasi. Penanda wacana dan ungkapan juga tidak menarik.
2. Strategi Menjawab Kertas 2
Soalan 1 – Rumusan
Tips
Kata kunci bahagian pendahuluan ditukarkan kepada tema atau pokok persoalan. Contoh pendahuluan:
Sekiranya isi petikan menyatakan kesan positif - Petikan menyatakan kebaikan/faedah/manfaat/kepentingan.
Sekiranya dalam isi petikan menyatakan kesan negatif - Petikan menyatakan keburukan/impak. Arahan untuk isi tersirat tidak perlu dinyatakan dalam pendahuluan.
Ayat yang terkandung dalam satu-satu isi perlulah diambil sepenuhnya termasuk contoh untuk mengelakkan daripada tertinggalnya isi penting.
Cuba kemukakan enam isi tersurat dan dua isi tersirat kerana isi tersurat yang terkandung dalam petikan lebih tepat manakala isi tersirat daripada idea sendiri adakalanya tidak menepati kehendak soalan atau terpesong atau berulang.
Disarankan bahagian kesimpulan gunakan kata kunci Kesimpulan. Oleh itu,…agar supaya…
Sekiranya perkataan lebih daripada 120 jangan edit daripada isi tersurat. Ini bertujuan menggelakkan daripada meninggalkan isi yang penting dalam isi tersurat sebaliknya calon boleh olah semula isi tersirat supaya lebih ringkas tetapi padat untuk menepati 120 patah perkataan.
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Pendahuluan - calon tidak kemukakan tema mengikut isi, sebaliknya menukar kata kunci isi kepada perkataan sama maksud/sinonim.
Isi tersurat - tidak lengkap kerana calon ambil sebahagian sahaja isi semata-mata untuk mengelakkan berlakunya lebihan perkataan, walhal calon sebenarnya meninggalkan isi yang penting menyebabkan markah untuk isi berkenaan berkurangan atau langsung tiada.
Calon mengemukakan isi yang tidak berkenaan kerana calon tidak faham arahan atau kehendak soalan.
Isi tersirat - calon kemukakan isi secara umum sahaja.
Isi yang dikemukan calon berulang walaupun ayatnya berbeza.
Isi terpesong daripada arahan soalan.
Kesimpulan - calon tidak kemukakan cadangan dan harapan sebaliknya mengulas semula tajuk atau isi tersurat.
Calon mengemukakan cadangan secara umum tanpa menekankan apa cadangan tersebut. Contoh - Masyarakat perlu mengatasi masalah ini. Apa yang berkaitan masalah ini tidak dikemukakan. Sepatutnya calon menulis Masyarakat perlu mengatasi masalah gejala sosial agar…
Calon mengemukakan cadangan tanpa harapan. Contohnya; Masyarakat perlu mengatasi masalah gejala sosial ini. Sepatutnya Masyarakat perlu mengatasi masalah gejala sosial ini agar negara bebas daripada ancaman jenayah.
Calon menjawab lebih daripada 120 patah perkataan menyebabkan calon hilang markah kesimpulan.
Soalan 2 – Pemahaman
Tips
Baca soalan sekurang-kurangnya dua kali untuk mengesahkan kehendak soalan.
Setiap kali selesai menulis jawapan, perlu membandingkan dengan soalan, adakah jawapan tersebut tepat atau terpesong.
Teliti jumlah markah yang dicatatkan selepas setiap soalan kerana jumlah isi biasanya bergantung kepada jumlah markah. Sekiranya markah tiga, isi yang dikemukan juga tiga.
Setiap jawapan perlu pengukuhan huraian dan contoh. Dalan soalan komsas, calon perlu kemukakan contoh daripada peristiwa yang berlaku.
Soalan berkaitan komsas seperti nilai-nilai murni, pengajaran dan watak, berbeza penggunaan bahasanya. Contoh daripada kata kunci gigih; untuk menjawab soalan:
watak - seorang yang gigih
nilai - kegigihan
pengajaran - kita mestilah gigih berusaha.
Terdapat tiga laras soalan dalam setiap petikan:
Laras pemahaman – tahap ini menguji pemahaman calon terhadap petikan. Jawapannya juga boleh diperoleh daripada petikan.
Laras analisis – bahagian ini menguji maksud perkataan/rangkai kata/maksud ayat atau soalan-soalan komsas iaitu tema, persoalan, watak, nilai-nilai murni, pengajaran, latar, gaya bahasa, plot, dan teknik plot. Jawapannya boleh diperoleh sama ada dalam petikan atau daripada keseluruhan cerita. Jawapan untuk maksud rangkai kata mestilah berdasarkan petikan bukan mengikut maksud yang terdapat dalam kamus.
Laras kemahiran berfikir/pendapat – soalan ini menguji pendapat daripada calon. Calon perlu mengemukakan idea sendiri dan tidak boleh menceduk idea daripada petikan. Apabila mengemukakan idea, elakkan daripada mengulang isi dan kemukakan tiga idea berbeza.
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Calon tidak membaca arahan soalan dan tidak meneliti kehendak soalan.
Calon hanya mengemukakan satu isi sahaja sedangkan markah yang diperuntukkan ialah tiga.
Bahagian soalan laras pemahaman, calon kemukakan idea sendiri sedangkan jawapan terdapat dalam petikan.
Calon hanya kemukan isi sahaja tanpa hurai dan contoh.
Ayat calon tidak gramatis menyebabkan calon kehilangan markah bahasa.
Soalan 3 – Pengetahuan dan Kemahiran Bahasa
Tips
Elakkan daripada melakukan kesalahan ejaan atau tatabahasa.
Sentiasa mengulang soalan atau merujuk soalan untuk pastikan setiap jawapan menepati kehendak soalan.
Walaupun arahannya sama saban tahun, calon perlu membaca arahan untuk setiap soalan.
Jawab soalan ikut urutan soalan.
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Bina ayat
Calon melakukan kesalahan ejaan/jalan bahasa/tanda bacaan.
Calon menjadikan perkataan yang diuji sebagai kata nama khas/peribahasa/calon menambah atau mengubah imbuhan.
Menggunakan dua perkataan yang diuji dalam satu ayat.
Membina ayat yang tidak menunjukkan maksud yang sebenar atau tanpa makna atau maksud salah.
Soalan pelbagai
Soalan menyambung ayat, calon menggunakan kata hubung atau penanda wacana yang salah atau tidak sesuai atau ayat disambung di bahagian yang salah.
Soalan menukarkan ayat aktif kepada ayat pasif. Calon menggunakan di…oleh untuk kata ganti nama diri pertama dan kedua. Hukumnya salah (sila rujuk buku tatabahasa DBP untuk maklumat lanjut).
Soalan menukarkan cakap ajuk kepada cakap pindah. Calon masih menggunkan ayat cakap ajuk tanpa menukarkan kepada bahasa formal atau calon masih menggunakan perkataan ringkas seperti ‘tak’/’nak’.
Kesalahan penggunaan ejaan dan imbuhan
Calon menukar ejaan atau imbuhan yang sememangnya betul.
Calon juga mengubah struktur ayat.
Kesalahan penggunaan kata atau istilah
Calon membetulkan penggunaan kata atau istilah yang sememangnya betul.
Calon membetulkan ejaan walhal, kesalahan yang diuji ialah istilah dan penggunaan kata.
Calon juga mengubah struktur ayat.
Calon mengemukan peribahasa yang salah atau meletakkan kedudukan peribahasa dalam kedudukan yang salah
Calon juga menambah atau meninggalkan imbuhan yang terdapat pada peribahasa.
Soalan 4 – Novel
Tips
Calon perlu menguasai kedua-dua novel yang dipelajari semasa di Tingkatan Empat dan Tingkatan Lima kerana corak soalan masa kini memerlukan calon menjawab berdasarkan kedua-dua buah novel ini contohnya soalan perbandingan.
Calon perlu tahu jalan cerita dan mengenali watak terutama watak penting secara terperinci untuk memudahkan calon mengemukakan contoh sebagai bukti.
Calon perlu mengemukakan contoh beserta huraian kerana tanpa contoh, calon tidak akan memperoleh markah.
Menggelakkan daripada melakukan kesalahan bahasa supaya markah bahasa tidak ditolak.
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Calon tidak mengemukakan contoh dan huraian atau calon memberi contoh yang umum atau salah.
Calon tidak menguasai cerita menyebabkan isi yang dijawab setakat ala kadar.
Teknik menjawab salah. Contoh, soalan mengkehendaki calon mengemukakan watak, tetapi calon menjawab dalam bentuk nilai murni iaitu sepatutnya ‘wataknya seorang yang penyayang’ tetapi calon menjawab ‘watak sayang-menyayangi’.
Soalan perbandingan, calon tidak bandingkan antara kedua-dua novel.
SPM Bahasa Melayu mengandungi Kertas 1 (Bahagian A: karangan berpandu/bahan rangsangan & Bahagian B: Karangan Esei) dan Kertas 2 (Rumusan, Pemahaman, Tatabahasa, dan Novel). Ikutilah panduan ini untuk menjawab kertas-kertas soalan tersebut.
Kandungan
1. Strategi Menjawab Kertas 1
Bahagian A
Tips
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Bahagian B
Tips
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
2. Strategi Menjawab Kertas 2
Soalan 1: Rumusan
Tips
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Soalan 2 – Pemahaman
Tips
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Soalan 3 – Pengetahuan dan Kemahiran Bahasa
Tips
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Soalan 4 – Novel
Tips
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
1. Strategi Menjawab Kertas 1
Bahagian A
soalan berpandu yang memerlukan calon menjawab antara 200 hingga 250 patah perkataan
Tips
Calon perlu menjawab mengikut arahan soalan. Sekiranya arahan memerlukan calon mengemukakan faktor, begitu juga sekiranya kesan, kemukan pendapat kerkenaan kesan sebagai isi.
Calon dibenarkan menjawab seberapa panjang yang boleh iaitu melebihi 250 patah perkataan, walau bagaimanapun, calon dinasihatkan supaya menepati masa menjawab yang dicadangkan iaitu 45 minit agar calon boleh menumpukan perhatian kepada Bahagian B nanti.
Perlu ada pendahuluan dan kesimpulan.
Tidak perlu menulis tajuk karangan.
Gunakan penanda wacana yang menarik seperti sementelahan, malar-malar dan sebagainya serta ungkapan yang indah, contohnya ‘dalam meyusuri alaf transformasi ini…’ untuk menghasilkan karangan yang baik.
Kemukakan satu atau dua peribahasa yang bersesuaian tetapi jangan terlalu lewah dengan peribahasa sehingga menghilangkan keindahan bahasanya. Sebaik-baiknya peribahasa mengakhiri karangan supaya menjadi penutup yang berkesan terhadap isi karangan.
Beri perhatian terhadap arahan soalan kerana dalam arahan tersebut terkandung isi yang sepatutnya calon huraikan.
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Calon menjawab terlalu panjang menyebabkan calon mengambil masa yang lama iaitu melebihi 45 minit seperti yang disarankan. Keadaan ini menyebabkan calon panik apabila kesuntukkan masa untuk menjawab soalan Bahagian B.
Calon menjawab soalan semata-mata berpandukan gambar tanpa kembangkan idea menyebabkan isi calon tidak bercambah dan isi tidak dikembangkan.
Calon tidak kemukakan peribahasa yang bersesuaian dan sebahagian besar calon langsung tidak menggunakan peribahasa dalam mengukuhkan isi.
Isi yang calon kemukakan terpesong daripada soalan, contohnya dalam arahan memerlukan calon menyatakan langkah, tetapi calon mengemukakan punca.
Calon mengemuka semua fakta seperti punca, kesan, dan langkah walhal arahan dalam soalan tersebut ialah kesan.
Bahagian B
soalan esei panjang memerlukan calon menjawab melebihi 350 patah perkataan.
Bahagian B, meliputi karangan berformat, tanpa format, dan komponen sastera iaitu berbentuk cerpen atau pendapat (kritik/ulasan).
Tips
Ayat yang digunakan perlulah pendek dan jelas untuk mengelakkan berlakunya kesalahan bahasa.
Gunakan tanda bacaan yang betul serta penanda wacana yang bersesuaian untuk menunjukkan ada kesinambungan antara isi terdahulu dengan isi seterusnya.
Cuba hasilkan karangan yang melebihi 400 patah perkataan tetapi menepati kehendak soalan dan untuk menghasilkan karangan yang lengkap setiap isi memerlukan sekurang-kurangnya dua huraian beserta dua contoh.
Sertakan antara tiga hingga empat peribahasa dan lebih ideal sekiranya karangan ditutup dengan peribahasa yang bersesuaian.
Corak soalan masa kini lebih menjurus kepada laras soalan:
Soalan 1, lebih kepada soalan berkaitan individu
Soalan 2, aspek kekeluargaan
Soalan 3, berkenaan kemasyarakatan
Soalan 4, peringkat kebangsaan atau antarabangsa
Soalan 5, aspek kesusasteraan.
Sekiranya calon kurang mahir atau kurang ilmu pengetahuan berkenaan isu semasa peringkat kebangsaan atau antarabangsa, elakkan daripada menjawab soalan tersebut. Pilihlah soalan yang calon paling arif berkenaaannya.
Terkini, soalan yang dikemukakan lebih menjuruskan kepada pengetahuan umum yang menyebabkan calon perlu membaca lebih berkenaan isu-isu semasa.
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Calon menjawab kurang daripada 350 patah perkataan menyebabkan isi kurang dan huraian tidak lengkap.
Calon tidak kembangkan isi dan kemukakan satu contoh dan satu huraian sahaja untuk setiap isi.
Calon kemukakan terlalu banyak isi tetapi hanya dihuraikan secara umum tanpa diolah.
Calon menjawab soalan yang memerlukan pengetahuan yang luas sedangkan pengetahuan calon agak terhad. Contohnya soalan berkenaan penyakit berbahaya calon Cuma tahu berkenaan satu atau dua jenis penyakit sahaja.
Calon mengemukakan peribahasa yang salah atau tidak sesuai atau langsung tidak menyatakan peribahasa.
Idea calon terpesong daripada kehendak soalan.
Calon menggunakan perkataan yang berulang dan tidak variasi. Penanda wacana dan ungkapan juga tidak menarik.
2. Strategi Menjawab Kertas 2
Soalan 1 – Rumusan
Tips
Kata kunci bahagian pendahuluan ditukarkan kepada tema atau pokok persoalan. Contoh pendahuluan:
Sekiranya isi petikan menyatakan kesan positif - Petikan menyatakan kebaikan/faedah/manfaat/kepentingan.
Sekiranya dalam isi petikan menyatakan kesan negatif - Petikan menyatakan keburukan/impak. Arahan untuk isi tersirat tidak perlu dinyatakan dalam pendahuluan.
Ayat yang terkandung dalam satu-satu isi perlulah diambil sepenuhnya termasuk contoh untuk mengelakkan daripada tertinggalnya isi penting.
Cuba kemukakan enam isi tersurat dan dua isi tersirat kerana isi tersurat yang terkandung dalam petikan lebih tepat manakala isi tersirat daripada idea sendiri adakalanya tidak menepati kehendak soalan atau terpesong atau berulang.
Disarankan bahagian kesimpulan gunakan kata kunci Kesimpulan. Oleh itu,…agar supaya…
Sekiranya perkataan lebih daripada 120 jangan edit daripada isi tersurat. Ini bertujuan menggelakkan daripada meninggalkan isi yang penting dalam isi tersurat sebaliknya calon boleh olah semula isi tersirat supaya lebih ringkas tetapi padat untuk menepati 120 patah perkataan.
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Pendahuluan - calon tidak kemukakan tema mengikut isi, sebaliknya menukar kata kunci isi kepada perkataan sama maksud/sinonim.
Isi tersurat - tidak lengkap kerana calon ambil sebahagian sahaja isi semata-mata untuk mengelakkan berlakunya lebihan perkataan, walhal calon sebenarnya meninggalkan isi yang penting menyebabkan markah untuk isi berkenaan berkurangan atau langsung tiada.
Calon mengemukakan isi yang tidak berkenaan kerana calon tidak faham arahan atau kehendak soalan.
Isi tersirat - calon kemukakan isi secara umum sahaja.
Isi yang dikemukan calon berulang walaupun ayatnya berbeza.
Isi terpesong daripada arahan soalan.
Kesimpulan - calon tidak kemukakan cadangan dan harapan sebaliknya mengulas semula tajuk atau isi tersurat.
Calon mengemukakan cadangan secara umum tanpa menekankan apa cadangan tersebut. Contoh - Masyarakat perlu mengatasi masalah ini. Apa yang berkaitan masalah ini tidak dikemukakan. Sepatutnya calon menulis Masyarakat perlu mengatasi masalah gejala sosial agar…
Calon mengemukakan cadangan tanpa harapan. Contohnya; Masyarakat perlu mengatasi masalah gejala sosial ini. Sepatutnya Masyarakat perlu mengatasi masalah gejala sosial ini agar negara bebas daripada ancaman jenayah.
Calon menjawab lebih daripada 120 patah perkataan menyebabkan calon hilang markah kesimpulan.
Soalan 2 – Pemahaman
Tips
Baca soalan sekurang-kurangnya dua kali untuk mengesahkan kehendak soalan.
Setiap kali selesai menulis jawapan, perlu membandingkan dengan soalan, adakah jawapan tersebut tepat atau terpesong.
Teliti jumlah markah yang dicatatkan selepas setiap soalan kerana jumlah isi biasanya bergantung kepada jumlah markah. Sekiranya markah tiga, isi yang dikemukan juga tiga.
Setiap jawapan perlu pengukuhan huraian dan contoh. Dalan soalan komsas, calon perlu kemukakan contoh daripada peristiwa yang berlaku.
Soalan berkaitan komsas seperti nilai-nilai murni, pengajaran dan watak, berbeza penggunaan bahasanya. Contoh daripada kata kunci gigih; untuk menjawab soalan:
watak - seorang yang gigih
nilai - kegigihan
pengajaran - kita mestilah gigih berusaha.
Terdapat tiga laras soalan dalam setiap petikan:
Laras pemahaman – tahap ini menguji pemahaman calon terhadap petikan. Jawapannya juga boleh diperoleh daripada petikan.
Laras analisis – bahagian ini menguji maksud perkataan/rangkai kata/maksud ayat atau soalan-soalan komsas iaitu tema, persoalan, watak, nilai-nilai murni, pengajaran, latar, gaya bahasa, plot, dan teknik plot. Jawapannya boleh diperoleh sama ada dalam petikan atau daripada keseluruhan cerita. Jawapan untuk maksud rangkai kata mestilah berdasarkan petikan bukan mengikut maksud yang terdapat dalam kamus.
Laras kemahiran berfikir/pendapat – soalan ini menguji pendapat daripada calon. Calon perlu mengemukakan idea sendiri dan tidak boleh menceduk idea daripada petikan. Apabila mengemukakan idea, elakkan daripada mengulang isi dan kemukakan tiga idea berbeza.
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Calon tidak membaca arahan soalan dan tidak meneliti kehendak soalan.
Calon hanya mengemukakan satu isi sahaja sedangkan markah yang diperuntukkan ialah tiga.
Bahagian soalan laras pemahaman, calon kemukakan idea sendiri sedangkan jawapan terdapat dalam petikan.
Calon hanya kemukan isi sahaja tanpa hurai dan contoh.
Ayat calon tidak gramatis menyebabkan calon kehilangan markah bahasa.
Soalan 3 – Pengetahuan dan Kemahiran Bahasa
Tips
Elakkan daripada melakukan kesalahan ejaan atau tatabahasa.
Sentiasa mengulang soalan atau merujuk soalan untuk pastikan setiap jawapan menepati kehendak soalan.
Walaupun arahannya sama saban tahun, calon perlu membaca arahan untuk setiap soalan.
Jawab soalan ikut urutan soalan.
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Bina ayat
Calon melakukan kesalahan ejaan/jalan bahasa/tanda bacaan.
Calon menjadikan perkataan yang diuji sebagai kata nama khas/peribahasa/calon menambah atau mengubah imbuhan.
Menggunakan dua perkataan yang diuji dalam satu ayat.
Membina ayat yang tidak menunjukkan maksud yang sebenar atau tanpa makna atau maksud salah.
Soalan pelbagai
Soalan menyambung ayat, calon menggunakan kata hubung atau penanda wacana yang salah atau tidak sesuai atau ayat disambung di bahagian yang salah.
Soalan menukarkan ayat aktif kepada ayat pasif. Calon menggunakan di…oleh untuk kata ganti nama diri pertama dan kedua. Hukumnya salah (sila rujuk buku tatabahasa DBP untuk maklumat lanjut).
Soalan menukarkan cakap ajuk kepada cakap pindah. Calon masih menggunkan ayat cakap ajuk tanpa menukarkan kepada bahasa formal atau calon masih menggunakan perkataan ringkas seperti ‘tak’/’nak’.
Kesalahan penggunaan ejaan dan imbuhan
Calon menukar ejaan atau imbuhan yang sememangnya betul.
Calon juga mengubah struktur ayat.
Kesalahan penggunaan kata atau istilah
Calon membetulkan penggunaan kata atau istilah yang sememangnya betul.
Calon membetulkan ejaan walhal, kesalahan yang diuji ialah istilah dan penggunaan kata.
Calon juga mengubah struktur ayat.
Calon mengemukan peribahasa yang salah atau meletakkan kedudukan peribahasa dalam kedudukan yang salah
Calon juga menambah atau meninggalkan imbuhan yang terdapat pada peribahasa.
Soalan 4 – Novel
Tips
Calon perlu menguasai kedua-dua novel yang dipelajari semasa di Tingkatan Empat dan Tingkatan Lima kerana corak soalan masa kini memerlukan calon menjawab berdasarkan kedua-dua buah novel ini contohnya soalan perbandingan.
Calon perlu tahu jalan cerita dan mengenali watak terutama watak penting secara terperinci untuk memudahkan calon mengemukakan contoh sebagai bukti.
Calon perlu mengemukakan contoh beserta huraian kerana tanpa contoh, calon tidak akan memperoleh markah.
Menggelakkan daripada melakukan kesalahan bahasa supaya markah bahasa tidak ditolak.
Aspek Kelemahan Calon
Calon tidak mengemukakan contoh dan huraian atau calon memberi contoh yang umum atau salah.
Calon tidak menguasai cerita menyebabkan isi yang dijawab setakat ala kadar.
Teknik menjawab salah. Contoh, soalan mengkehendaki calon mengemukakan watak, tetapi calon menjawab dalam bentuk nilai murni iaitu sepatutnya ‘wataknya seorang yang penyayang’ tetapi calon menjawab ‘watak sayang-menyayangi’.
Soalan perbandingan, calon tidak bandingkan antara kedua-dua novel.
Tuesday, September 1, 2009
BIOLOGY'S TIPS FROM CG ZAIM MML
1. Jawab sekurang-kurangnya 10 set soalan objektif
2. Kembangkan minda dengan menulis semua maklumat yang ada didalam jawapan, jangan hanya hendak betul sahaja.
3. Teknik menjawab essei perlu mendapat bantuan daripada guru.
*Markah selesa untuk kertas 1 ialah 38-43
2. Kembangkan minda dengan menulis semua maklumat yang ada didalam jawapan, jangan hanya hendak betul sahaja.
3. Teknik menjawab essei perlu mendapat bantuan daripada guru.
*Markah selesa untuk kertas 1 ialah 38-43
Monday, August 31, 2009
THE PEARL'S TIPS
1. Response must be relevant to the task. Give clear identification of the character/ moral lesson/ event, etc as required by the question.
2. Points must be with evidence from the text.
3. Points must be expressed clearly and well organized.
4. DON’T WRITE A SUMMARY!
5. The use of tenses must be consistent throughout the answer. Stick to present tense or past tense only.
SPM 2001
1. Which character do you like the best in the novel you have studied? Give three reasons why you like the character to support your answer. (15 MARKS)
The question requires you to give a personal response to the story:
1. Identify the CHARACTER.
2. Give THREE reasons why you like the character, referring to the events, etc. in the story to support your point.
SAMPLE ANSWER.
I like Juana in The Pearl because she is a strong resilient character. When we first meet her, she seems quiet and submissive, a traditional wife and mother whose main duty is to look after her husband and child, prepares their meals and keeps house. However when there is a crisis in their lives, it is Juana who appears strong and in control. When a scorpion stings Coyotito, Juana finds the puncture mark and sucks out the poison, while Kino is “helpless” and “in the way”. Juana is “patient, “fragile”, ”obedient” and “respectful” as stated in the novel. She has “iron” in her, that is she has great inner strength. She may seem fragile but she is like “a strong man” in the canoe, and therefore, can even help Kino in his work as a pearl diver.
It is Juana who decides that the doctor must treat Coyotito. Being a traditional housewife in a poor village where the people have been oppressed for centuries has not made her too timid. She goes against tradition when she has to. She dares to voice up her wish to have the doctor coming to her house to treat her son. She does not give up when her husband helplessly delivers the news that the doctor refuses to come to her house. She decides that if the doctor will not come to them, they will go to him.
Juana recognizes the negative influence of the pearl, and knows it is a threat to their contented family life. She wants Kino to get rid of the pearl, but Kino considers the pearl the answer to all their dreams. Juana does not believe this. She decides she will throw the pearl back into the sea, even if this will anger Kino.
It is also Juana’s good sense that guides Kino. She makes him see that they must flee the village after Kino kills an intruder. She is not afraid to go with him to the mountains. She stays with him although he is cruel to her, striking her brutally when she tries to get rid of the pearl. She is patient, supportive and loyal to Kino throughout. She does not blame him when the baby is killed. Juana is strong not only for herself, but also for her husband.
I like Juana for all these qualities – her strength, courage, determination and perseverance, as well as her loyalty to and lasting love for Kino.
SPM 2002
1. Write a detailed account of an event in the novel you have chosen which teaches you an important moral lesson. In your account you must make clear what the moral lesson is.
The question requires you to know the story well enough to give specific information.
1. State the moral lesson.
2. Identify the event that is relevant to the moral lesson and elaborate on it, referring to the details in the novel.
Sample answer.
The moral lesson that I have learnt from the novel The Pearl is that I must be brave enough to do the right thing even if others disapprove or if the people I am trying to help become angry with me. Juana pleads with Kino to get rid of the pearl but he refuses, and this drives her to do it herself, although she knows he will be angry with her.
This value can be seen in chapter five when Juana tries to stealthily throw away the pearl back into the sea. She wakes up early in the morning, braving herself to walk in the dark and even running away when chased by Kino. As she was about to flung the pearl into the sea, Kino wrenches the pearl from her hand and hits her. Apart from that he also kicks her brutally. He then leaves her lying in pain on the beach.
I am sure that Juana knows Kino well enough for they have been married for some time. She must have known Kino’s personality traits and realizes how emotional he could be when it comes to the pearl. But she is wise and is not a coward. She takes the risk and is very brave in trying to throw away the pearl as she does it for her family sake even though Kino disagrees with her action.
SPM 2003
1. Which character do you sympathise with in the novel you have studied? Explain why you sympathise with this character. Support your answer with evidence from the text.
The question requires you to give a personal response to the story, specifically, to a character you most sympathized with.
1. Identify the character.
2. Explain why you sympathized with him or her, referring to the event, etc, in the story to support your points.
SAMPLE ANSWER.
The character that I sympathized with in the novel The Pearl is Coyotito.
He is Kino’s and Juana’s only son. I sympathized with him due to a few bad things that have happened to him.
Firstly, he is stung by a scorpion. He is still a baby yet he has to endure the pain from the scorpion’s poison. He screams and cries in pain after he is stung by the scorpion till all the neighbours hear him and come to Kino’s house. Even though Juana tries to suck out the poison, he is not cured straight away.
I also sympathized with him when the doctor refuses to treat him. Under normal circumstances any normal doctor would have treated an adorable baby but Coyotito is not that lucky. He is denied the right to be treated by a doctor even when his life is at stake simply because his father is poor.
Next, I also pity Coyotito when Kino and Juana take him along with them when they go to the sea. A sick baby’s place is at home but Coyotito is taken to the sea and he has to bear the hot temperature and danger even though he is still small and sick.
Finally, I sympathized with Coyotito as he has to endure the dangerous and difficult journey to the city. His family has to run to the mountain to save themselves from the cruel trackers. There he is accidentally shot and killed.
As a small baby he has endured and gone through unnecessary difficulties when he should be living happily with his family. That is why I sympathized with Coyotito. Life has not been fair to him.
SPM 2004
1. Choose an event in the novel you have studied which you find to be the most memorable. Give reasons for your choice and with close reference to the text, discuss the event.
The question requires you to give a personal response to the story, specifically, to an event you find most memorable.
1. Identify the event.
2. Explain why you choose the event and elaborate on the event, referring to the details in the novel.
SAMPLE ANSWER
The event that I consider the most memorable in the novel The Pearl is the point when the baby, Coyotito is killed.
Kino and his wife are being pursued by the trackers, who are after their pearl. That pearl has become the most important thing in Kino’s life. He has even struck his beloved wife in anger because of it. If he had surrendered the pearl, his family’s life would not be in peril’ but he said “This pearl has become my soul. If I give it up I lose my soul”.
And now the trackers are close to his trail. He can see them from the cave where he hides his family. Finally, he decides that he has no choice but to attack the trackers while they are resting. It is either to kill or be killed. He creeps up on them stealthily, but just he is about to leap out, he hears his baby cry. The trackers actually think it is just a coyote and yet one of the trackers fires casually in the direction of the sound. At that moment Kino attacks. After fierce fighting, Kino is able to kill all three men. But when he sees that they are all dead, he hears the sound of Juana’s keening wail, the cry of death.
This scene is riveting because the suspense has been building up – will Kino be killed, or will he manage to kill the trackers? Then, when the baby cries, this adds another question mark to end the result. And then there is utter horror at the knowledge of the baby’s death.
The event is also important because it causes a complete turnaround for Kino. The pearl no longer has a hold on him. In fact he throws it back into the sea.
SPM 2005
‘Love is important in a family’. How is this shown in the novel you have read? Support your answer with close reference to the text.
The question requires you to give a personal response to the story, specifically, to the theme of love.
1. State that the novel shows how love is important in a family.
2. Relate the events to how love is shown.
SAMPLE ANSWER
The novel The Pearl shows me the importance of love when trying to survive in a cruel and wicked world. When Coyotito was stung by the scorpion we could see that Kino and Juana’s actions were propelled by their love and sustained by courage. First, in spite of the danger to himself, Kino tried to catch the scorpion with his bare hands. He then crushed the scorpion between his hands and stamped on it. As for Juana, she bravely sucked out the poison from the wound knowing fully well the action could endanger her life. They also endured the humiliation to beg the doctor to treat their sick child. These were all done out of love for their son.
When things went even more wrong, with the people trying to cheat them, and the trackers going after them, the couple’s actions and decisions were again based on their love for each other, supported by courage and sustained by patience. When Kino hit Juana in a rage, she patiently bore it. She was not swayed in her devotion to him. Her thoughts were for him and not for herself. When the trackers were closing in on them, Kino wanted to lead the trackers away, bravely sacrificing himself so his family could escape. In response, Juana, in her love for him, refuses to let him make this sacrifice. It took real courage for the woman to be willing to face the evil trackers. Then when the child was killed, the couple needed love to go living as heroes in the face of adversity.
In conclusion, The Pearl shows me the importance of love in facing life obstacles.
SPM 2006
1. The writer describes the main character as a very determined person. Using the details from the novel that you have studied write about:
a) some instances that show the characters determination.
b) How the determination affects his / her family.
The question requires you to:
1. Identify the main character whom you consider to be a determined person.
2. Provide examples of the character’s determination using textual evidence from the text.
3. Explain how the determination affects the family.
All these must be tied up to show the link between the determination and the effects on the family.
SAMPLE ANSWER.
The main character in The Pearl is Juana. She is described as a very determined person. Firstly, Juana’s determination is shown when she insists on bringing Coyotito to see the doctor although she knows the doctor would not come to the brush house.
She believes that Coyotito must be treated by the doctor to save his life. Although she knows that the doctor’s race looks down upon her race and treats them as if they are simple animals. She sacrifices her pride by going to the doctor’s house. Kino is amazed at her strong determination.
Secondly, Juana is determined to get rid of the pearl. She believes that the pearl is evil. Juana tries to throw the pearl back into the sea when Kino is asleep. When Kino finds her, he wrenches the pearl from her hand. Then, he punches and kicks her in rage. Juana’s determination to destroy the pearl has turned Kino into a violent husband.
Thirdly, when the trackers are closing in on them, Kino wants to lead the trackers away in order to save his family. However Juana is determined to stay with Kino no matter what happens. It takes real determination and courage to be willing to face the cruel trackers.
In conclusion, Juana’s determination contributes to the family survival against hardship and challenges that they face in life.
SPM 2007
1. ‘It is important to have a person you look up to in your life’. From the novel you have read, write about one character that you look up to. Give reasons why you choose him / her.
The question requires you to give a personal response to the story.
1. Identify the character.
2. Explain why you choose him / her referring to the events, etc. in the story to support your points.
SAMPLE ANSWER
The character that I look up to in the novel The Pearl is Juana. She is strong and courageous. From Juana I learn that it is wise to look beyond appearances and feelings.
Kino is spellbound by the pearl he finds and soon cannot be parted from it. Juana however, can see the powerful influence of the pearl upon Kino, and she is afraid because it is a negative influence.
Juana also encourages me to be brave enough to do the right thing although it may anger the person I am trying to help. When Kino refuses to listen to Juana’s pleas to throw the pearl back into the sea, she takes matters into her own hands and tries to throw the pearl back into the sea herself. She also does not give up on Kino, but helps him by following him. This show of support gives Kino strength at a time when his life is falling apart.
Juana also shows me the value of patience and loyalty. She is patient with Kino although he will not listen to her good advice. He is even violent and brutal with her, but she forgives him and remains patient. She trusts in her own judgment, but she is loyal to her husband. She advises him to flee when he kills a man. Kino learns from her determination to keep the family together. Although they lose their baby in the end, he is finally able to choose rightly – family over the promises of the pearl –
2. Points must be with evidence from the text.
3. Points must be expressed clearly and well organized.
4. DON’T WRITE A SUMMARY!
5. The use of tenses must be consistent throughout the answer. Stick to present tense or past tense only.
SPM 2001
1. Which character do you like the best in the novel you have studied? Give three reasons why you like the character to support your answer. (15 MARKS)
The question requires you to give a personal response to the story:
1. Identify the CHARACTER.
2. Give THREE reasons why you like the character, referring to the events, etc. in the story to support your point.
SAMPLE ANSWER.
I like Juana in The Pearl because she is a strong resilient character. When we first meet her, she seems quiet and submissive, a traditional wife and mother whose main duty is to look after her husband and child, prepares their meals and keeps house. However when there is a crisis in their lives, it is Juana who appears strong and in control. When a scorpion stings Coyotito, Juana finds the puncture mark and sucks out the poison, while Kino is “helpless” and “in the way”. Juana is “patient, “fragile”, ”obedient” and “respectful” as stated in the novel. She has “iron” in her, that is she has great inner strength. She may seem fragile but she is like “a strong man” in the canoe, and therefore, can even help Kino in his work as a pearl diver.
It is Juana who decides that the doctor must treat Coyotito. Being a traditional housewife in a poor village where the people have been oppressed for centuries has not made her too timid. She goes against tradition when she has to. She dares to voice up her wish to have the doctor coming to her house to treat her son. She does not give up when her husband helplessly delivers the news that the doctor refuses to come to her house. She decides that if the doctor will not come to them, they will go to him.
Juana recognizes the negative influence of the pearl, and knows it is a threat to their contented family life. She wants Kino to get rid of the pearl, but Kino considers the pearl the answer to all their dreams. Juana does not believe this. She decides she will throw the pearl back into the sea, even if this will anger Kino.
It is also Juana’s good sense that guides Kino. She makes him see that they must flee the village after Kino kills an intruder. She is not afraid to go with him to the mountains. She stays with him although he is cruel to her, striking her brutally when she tries to get rid of the pearl. She is patient, supportive and loyal to Kino throughout. She does not blame him when the baby is killed. Juana is strong not only for herself, but also for her husband.
I like Juana for all these qualities – her strength, courage, determination and perseverance, as well as her loyalty to and lasting love for Kino.
SPM 2002
1. Write a detailed account of an event in the novel you have chosen which teaches you an important moral lesson. In your account you must make clear what the moral lesson is.
The question requires you to know the story well enough to give specific information.
1. State the moral lesson.
2. Identify the event that is relevant to the moral lesson and elaborate on it, referring to the details in the novel.
Sample answer.
The moral lesson that I have learnt from the novel The Pearl is that I must be brave enough to do the right thing even if others disapprove or if the people I am trying to help become angry with me. Juana pleads with Kino to get rid of the pearl but he refuses, and this drives her to do it herself, although she knows he will be angry with her.
This value can be seen in chapter five when Juana tries to stealthily throw away the pearl back into the sea. She wakes up early in the morning, braving herself to walk in the dark and even running away when chased by Kino. As she was about to flung the pearl into the sea, Kino wrenches the pearl from her hand and hits her. Apart from that he also kicks her brutally. He then leaves her lying in pain on the beach.
I am sure that Juana knows Kino well enough for they have been married for some time. She must have known Kino’s personality traits and realizes how emotional he could be when it comes to the pearl. But she is wise and is not a coward. She takes the risk and is very brave in trying to throw away the pearl as she does it for her family sake even though Kino disagrees with her action.
SPM 2003
1. Which character do you sympathise with in the novel you have studied? Explain why you sympathise with this character. Support your answer with evidence from the text.
The question requires you to give a personal response to the story, specifically, to a character you most sympathized with.
1. Identify the character.
2. Explain why you sympathized with him or her, referring to the event, etc, in the story to support your points.
SAMPLE ANSWER.
The character that I sympathized with in the novel The Pearl is Coyotito.
He is Kino’s and Juana’s only son. I sympathized with him due to a few bad things that have happened to him.
Firstly, he is stung by a scorpion. He is still a baby yet he has to endure the pain from the scorpion’s poison. He screams and cries in pain after he is stung by the scorpion till all the neighbours hear him and come to Kino’s house. Even though Juana tries to suck out the poison, he is not cured straight away.
I also sympathized with him when the doctor refuses to treat him. Under normal circumstances any normal doctor would have treated an adorable baby but Coyotito is not that lucky. He is denied the right to be treated by a doctor even when his life is at stake simply because his father is poor.
Next, I also pity Coyotito when Kino and Juana take him along with them when they go to the sea. A sick baby’s place is at home but Coyotito is taken to the sea and he has to bear the hot temperature and danger even though he is still small and sick.
Finally, I sympathized with Coyotito as he has to endure the dangerous and difficult journey to the city. His family has to run to the mountain to save themselves from the cruel trackers. There he is accidentally shot and killed.
As a small baby he has endured and gone through unnecessary difficulties when he should be living happily with his family. That is why I sympathized with Coyotito. Life has not been fair to him.
SPM 2004
1. Choose an event in the novel you have studied which you find to be the most memorable. Give reasons for your choice and with close reference to the text, discuss the event.
The question requires you to give a personal response to the story, specifically, to an event you find most memorable.
1. Identify the event.
2. Explain why you choose the event and elaborate on the event, referring to the details in the novel.
SAMPLE ANSWER
The event that I consider the most memorable in the novel The Pearl is the point when the baby, Coyotito is killed.
Kino and his wife are being pursued by the trackers, who are after their pearl. That pearl has become the most important thing in Kino’s life. He has even struck his beloved wife in anger because of it. If he had surrendered the pearl, his family’s life would not be in peril’ but he said “This pearl has become my soul. If I give it up I lose my soul”.
And now the trackers are close to his trail. He can see them from the cave where he hides his family. Finally, he decides that he has no choice but to attack the trackers while they are resting. It is either to kill or be killed. He creeps up on them stealthily, but just he is about to leap out, he hears his baby cry. The trackers actually think it is just a coyote and yet one of the trackers fires casually in the direction of the sound. At that moment Kino attacks. After fierce fighting, Kino is able to kill all three men. But when he sees that they are all dead, he hears the sound of Juana’s keening wail, the cry of death.
This scene is riveting because the suspense has been building up – will Kino be killed, or will he manage to kill the trackers? Then, when the baby cries, this adds another question mark to end the result. And then there is utter horror at the knowledge of the baby’s death.
The event is also important because it causes a complete turnaround for Kino. The pearl no longer has a hold on him. In fact he throws it back into the sea.
SPM 2005
‘Love is important in a family’. How is this shown in the novel you have read? Support your answer with close reference to the text.
The question requires you to give a personal response to the story, specifically, to the theme of love.
1. State that the novel shows how love is important in a family.
2. Relate the events to how love is shown.
SAMPLE ANSWER
The novel The Pearl shows me the importance of love when trying to survive in a cruel and wicked world. When Coyotito was stung by the scorpion we could see that Kino and Juana’s actions were propelled by their love and sustained by courage. First, in spite of the danger to himself, Kino tried to catch the scorpion with his bare hands. He then crushed the scorpion between his hands and stamped on it. As for Juana, she bravely sucked out the poison from the wound knowing fully well the action could endanger her life. They also endured the humiliation to beg the doctor to treat their sick child. These were all done out of love for their son.
When things went even more wrong, with the people trying to cheat them, and the trackers going after them, the couple’s actions and decisions were again based on their love for each other, supported by courage and sustained by patience. When Kino hit Juana in a rage, she patiently bore it. She was not swayed in her devotion to him. Her thoughts were for him and not for herself. When the trackers were closing in on them, Kino wanted to lead the trackers away, bravely sacrificing himself so his family could escape. In response, Juana, in her love for him, refuses to let him make this sacrifice. It took real courage for the woman to be willing to face the evil trackers. Then when the child was killed, the couple needed love to go living as heroes in the face of adversity.
In conclusion, The Pearl shows me the importance of love in facing life obstacles.
SPM 2006
1. The writer describes the main character as a very determined person. Using the details from the novel that you have studied write about:
a) some instances that show the characters determination.
b) How the determination affects his / her family.
The question requires you to:
1. Identify the main character whom you consider to be a determined person.
2. Provide examples of the character’s determination using textual evidence from the text.
3. Explain how the determination affects the family.
All these must be tied up to show the link between the determination and the effects on the family.
SAMPLE ANSWER.
The main character in The Pearl is Juana. She is described as a very determined person. Firstly, Juana’s determination is shown when she insists on bringing Coyotito to see the doctor although she knows the doctor would not come to the brush house.
She believes that Coyotito must be treated by the doctor to save his life. Although she knows that the doctor’s race looks down upon her race and treats them as if they are simple animals. She sacrifices her pride by going to the doctor’s house. Kino is amazed at her strong determination.
Secondly, Juana is determined to get rid of the pearl. She believes that the pearl is evil. Juana tries to throw the pearl back into the sea when Kino is asleep. When Kino finds her, he wrenches the pearl from her hand. Then, he punches and kicks her in rage. Juana’s determination to destroy the pearl has turned Kino into a violent husband.
Thirdly, when the trackers are closing in on them, Kino wants to lead the trackers away in order to save his family. However Juana is determined to stay with Kino no matter what happens. It takes real determination and courage to be willing to face the cruel trackers.
In conclusion, Juana’s determination contributes to the family survival against hardship and challenges that they face in life.
SPM 2007
1. ‘It is important to have a person you look up to in your life’. From the novel you have read, write about one character that you look up to. Give reasons why you choose him / her.
The question requires you to give a personal response to the story.
1. Identify the character.
2. Explain why you choose him / her referring to the events, etc. in the story to support your points.
SAMPLE ANSWER
The character that I look up to in the novel The Pearl is Juana. She is strong and courageous. From Juana I learn that it is wise to look beyond appearances and feelings.
Kino is spellbound by the pearl he finds and soon cannot be parted from it. Juana however, can see the powerful influence of the pearl upon Kino, and she is afraid because it is a negative influence.
Juana also encourages me to be brave enough to do the right thing although it may anger the person I am trying to help. When Kino refuses to listen to Juana’s pleas to throw the pearl back into the sea, she takes matters into her own hands and tries to throw the pearl back into the sea herself. She also does not give up on Kino, but helps him by following him. This show of support gives Kino strength at a time when his life is falling apart.
Juana also shows me the value of patience and loyalty. She is patient with Kino although he will not listen to her good advice. He is even violent and brutal with her, but she forgives him and remains patient. She trusts in her own judgment, but she is loyal to her husband. She advises him to flee when he kills a man. Kino learns from her determination to keep the family together. Although they lose their baby in the end, he is finally able to choose rightly – family over the promises of the pearl –
ENGLISH 1119 : CONTINUOUS WRITING
Criteria:
1. Use sentences of various lengths – long & short
2. Use sentences of various types – simple, compound & complex
3. Use wide vocabulary with precision :
• Suitability
• Different shades of meaning
• Words are used with a purpose
• Words blend well with meaning
4. Write in paragraphs
5. Use correct spelling & punctuation
6. Write with relevance to the topic
7. Write to attract the interest of the reader
Note :
• Continuous writing is tested based on language, and not specific skills e.g debating skills for argumentative essays.
• In continuous writing, length is secondary but task fulfillment is primary.
WHAT TO DO
• Write creatively
• Be expressive
• Variety of sentences
• Use appropriate words
• Paragraphing
• Unity and cohesion
• Who are the audience
• Idioms
• Accurate-organized
• Grammar
• Relevant
• Mechanics
• Spelling
WHAT NOT TO DO
• Obsence words
• Slang
• Colloquial language
• Too many big words
• American spelling
• Assume anything
• Single structure
• Lifting
• Own opinions for factual essays
• Long explanation
• Unity and cohesion
• Explain known facts
1. Use sentences of various lengths – long & short
2. Use sentences of various types – simple, compound & complex
3. Use wide vocabulary with precision :
• Suitability
• Different shades of meaning
• Words are used with a purpose
• Words blend well with meaning
4. Write in paragraphs
5. Use correct spelling & punctuation
6. Write with relevance to the topic
7. Write to attract the interest of the reader
Note :
• Continuous writing is tested based on language, and not specific skills e.g debating skills for argumentative essays.
• In continuous writing, length is secondary but task fulfillment is primary.
WHAT TO DO
• Write creatively
• Be expressive
• Variety of sentences
• Use appropriate words
• Paragraphing
• Unity and cohesion
• Who are the audience
• Idioms
• Accurate-organized
• Grammar
• Relevant
• Mechanics
• Spelling
WHAT NOT TO DO
• Obsence words
• Slang
• Colloquial language
• Too many big words
• American spelling
• Assume anything
• Single structure
• Lifting
• Own opinions for factual essays
• Long explanation
• Unity and cohesion
• Explain known facts
HOW TO GO ABOUT ANSWERING DIRECTED QUESTION
1.First - Study the task or picture given.
- DO NOT ignore any details given.
- DO NOT change any facts.
(If you leave any of the content point, you will lose marks
for contents)
2.Next - You must read carefully and understand the task given.
(Are you required to write a FORMAL or INFORMAL
LETTER? write a REPORT to the principal ? – write an
ARTICLE for the school magazine or give a speech.)
3.Then - Once you have read the question and you know what the
task is, you must use :
ALL the notes / points given
Try to elaborate on the points.
Use sequence connectors or logical connectors. Use
sentence or logical connectors so that the ideas flow
smoothly. Sequence connectors are transition words such
as
Firstly. Secondly, After that, Next, Finally
and so on.
Examples of logical connectors are
However, Consequently, Subsequently, As a result and so
on.
4. Finally - You must check on your grammar and spelling.
Suggestions To Students
• Ensure all content points are used.
• Read and follow the instructions/rubric carefully – be sure of the task before writing.
• Elaborate on content points, but do not get carried away.
• Improve spelling – use a dictionary when necessary.
• Do not take punctuation lightly. Punctuation errors can be serious errors.
• Answer all the questions in the examination. Any attempt, however weak, will merit some marks. No attempt = ‘0’ mark.
• Read widely to improve general knowledge and vocabulary. Organise time well. Candidates tend to provide too lengthy answers for Section A (Directed Writing) at the expense of the other section. Often, irrelevant elaborations are included
- DO NOT ignore any details given.
- DO NOT change any facts.
(If you leave any of the content point, you will lose marks
for contents)
2.Next - You must read carefully and understand the task given.
(Are you required to write a FORMAL or INFORMAL
LETTER? write a REPORT to the principal ? – write an
ARTICLE for the school magazine or give a speech.)
3.Then - Once you have read the question and you know what the
task is, you must use :
ALL the notes / points given
Try to elaborate on the points.
Use sequence connectors or logical connectors. Use
sentence or logical connectors so that the ideas flow
smoothly. Sequence connectors are transition words such
as
Firstly. Secondly, After that, Next, Finally
and so on.
Examples of logical connectors are
However, Consequently, Subsequently, As a result and so
on.
4. Finally - You must check on your grammar and spelling.
Suggestions To Students
• Ensure all content points are used.
• Read and follow the instructions/rubric carefully – be sure of the task before writing.
• Elaborate on content points, but do not get carried away.
• Improve spelling – use a dictionary when necessary.
• Do not take punctuation lightly. Punctuation errors can be serious errors.
• Answer all the questions in the examination. Any attempt, however weak, will merit some marks. No attempt = ‘0’ mark.
• Read widely to improve general knowledge and vocabulary. Organise time well. Candidates tend to provide too lengthy answers for Section A (Directed Writing) at the expense of the other section. Often, irrelevant elaborations are included
KARANGAN : PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL
Permainan tradisional perlu dikekalkan untuk generasi turun temurun.
Bincangkan.
Tema: Permainan tradisional
Isi : Langkah-langkah meningkatkan permainan tradisional.
Menulis karangan:
1. Pendahuluan:
Permainan tradisional semakin dilupakan oleh masyarakat.
-lebih meminati permainan moden seperti video.
-akan lupus sekiranya tidak ditangani dengan segera.
-mendatangkan kerugian kepada negara.
2. Isi-isi:
Langkah-langkah meningkatkan permainan tradisional.
a) Penganjuran permainan tradisional oleh pihak kerajaan.
- mengadakan pertandingan di peringkat daerah, negeri dan kebangsaan.
- Penyertaan daripada pelbagai kaum amat digalakkan.
- Menawarkan hadiah yang lumayan.
b) Menubuhkan kelab permainan tradisional di sekolah.
- guru-guru dihantar berkursus untuk memahirkan permainan ini.
- Generasi muda akan meminati permainan ini jika diketengahkan – wau, gasing, congkak dan pelbagai lagi.
c) Kerajaan mengadakan kempen permainan tradisional.
-promosi melaui jabatan kerajaan dan media massa.
-melibatkan semua jabatan kerajaan.
-mengadakan bulan permainan tradisional.
d) Mewajibkan semua hotel mengadakan pertandingan permainan tradisional
-mengadakan pertandingan antara kakitangan hotel dan para pengunjung.
-dapat menarik pelancong terutama dari luar negeri.
-Pelancong akan menceritakan pengalaman mereka kepada rakan-rakannya.
e) Menobatkan pemenang sebagai tokoh permainan tradisisonal.
- diberikan pelbagai anjaran berupa wang, sijil dan sebagainya.
diwawancara di kaca-kaca televisyen dan surat khabar.
- -berasa dihargai dan setaraf dengan kejayaan dalam permainan moden.
Memberi dana kepada kelab-kelab permainan tradisional.
- dapat mengadakan program dan aktiviti sepanajng tahun.
- Dapat menarik minat orang ramai untuk menyertainya.
- Diperluas hingga ke kawasan pedalaman.
Kesimpulan:
Permainan tradisional- wajar diwarisi oleh generasi baru – “tak lapuk dek hujan, tak lekang dek panas”.
-dapat mengekalkan budaya dan identiti bangsa.
Bincangkan.
Tema: Permainan tradisional
Isi : Langkah-langkah meningkatkan permainan tradisional.
Menulis karangan:
1. Pendahuluan:
Permainan tradisional semakin dilupakan oleh masyarakat.
-lebih meminati permainan moden seperti video.
-akan lupus sekiranya tidak ditangani dengan segera.
-mendatangkan kerugian kepada negara.
2. Isi-isi:
Langkah-langkah meningkatkan permainan tradisional.
a) Penganjuran permainan tradisional oleh pihak kerajaan.
- mengadakan pertandingan di peringkat daerah, negeri dan kebangsaan.
- Penyertaan daripada pelbagai kaum amat digalakkan.
- Menawarkan hadiah yang lumayan.
b) Menubuhkan kelab permainan tradisional di sekolah.
- guru-guru dihantar berkursus untuk memahirkan permainan ini.
- Generasi muda akan meminati permainan ini jika diketengahkan – wau, gasing, congkak dan pelbagai lagi.
c) Kerajaan mengadakan kempen permainan tradisional.
-promosi melaui jabatan kerajaan dan media massa.
-melibatkan semua jabatan kerajaan.
-mengadakan bulan permainan tradisional.
d) Mewajibkan semua hotel mengadakan pertandingan permainan tradisional
-mengadakan pertandingan antara kakitangan hotel dan para pengunjung.
-dapat menarik pelancong terutama dari luar negeri.
-Pelancong akan menceritakan pengalaman mereka kepada rakan-rakannya.
e) Menobatkan pemenang sebagai tokoh permainan tradisisonal.
- diberikan pelbagai anjaran berupa wang, sijil dan sebagainya.
diwawancara di kaca-kaca televisyen dan surat khabar.
- -berasa dihargai dan setaraf dengan kejayaan dalam permainan moden.
Memberi dana kepada kelab-kelab permainan tradisional.
- dapat mengadakan program dan aktiviti sepanajng tahun.
- Dapat menarik minat orang ramai untuk menyertainya.
- Diperluas hingga ke kawasan pedalaman.
Kesimpulan:
Permainan tradisional- wajar diwarisi oleh generasi baru – “tak lapuk dek hujan, tak lekang dek panas”.
-dapat mengekalkan budaya dan identiti bangsa.
KARANAGN : PELANCONGAN DESA
Pelancongan Desa merupakan salah satu aktiviti yang dapat menghasilkan pendapatan kepada penduduk kampung dan seterusnya memberi manfaat kepada negara.
Pelancongan ini diperkenalkan sebagai usaha menggalakkan aktiviti ekonomi dalam kalangan penduduk.
Bincangkan langkah-langkah yang perlu diambil untuk memajukan industri ini agar terus berkembang maju.
Tema: Pelancongan Desa
Isu: Langkah-langkah memajukan Pelancongan Desa
Menulis karangan:
1.Pendahuluan:
Pelancongan merupakan industri perkhidmatan yang kian berkembang maju.
-Tahun 2000, 10.2 juta pelancong berkunjung ke Malaysia.
-Malaysia negara ketiga paling ramai menerima pelancong Asia Timur selepas China dan Hong Kong.
Pelancongan Desa – satu kosep yang unik, sangat sesuai bagi mereka yang ingin merasai pengalaman menjalani cara hidup masyarakat Melayu.
-Pelancongan Desa yang berasaskan pertanian misalnya dapat memberi pengalaman kepada pelancong menghargai hidup kampung dan merasai nikmat alam semulajadi dengan melawat ladang buah-buahan, sayur-sayuran dan ternakan.
2.Isi-isi: Langkah-langkah
a) Pihak kerajaan boleh menggalakkan perniagaan industri-industri ini seperti mengadakan pelbagai kempen serta menyediakan dan mencekapkan infrastruktur. seperti infrastruktur kawasan antaranya rumah penginapan, kantin, bekalan air bersih, elektrik dan kemudahan asas yang lain.
b) Menyediakan aktiviti-aktiviti rekreasi seperti mendaki bukit dan gunung, memancing, berkhemah, melawat gua, merentas hutan , memerhati burung, melawat lading, kebun buah-buahan, berbasikal dan sebagainya.
b) Mempromosikan kawasan pelancongan di desa kepada pelawat daripada dalam negeri dan luar negeri melalui kerjasama agensi-agensi kerajaan dan swasta.
d) Membangunkan kawasan desa yang sesuai untuk tujuan pelancongan dengan menyediakan penginapan dan kawasan menjamu selera.
Kesimpulan:
Pelancongan menjadi suatu bidang pelaburan bijak yang dapat memacu pertumbuhan industri-industri berkaitan yang lain yang kesemuanya berperanan sebagai wahana dalam pembangunan mega Malaysia menuju negara maju dalam abad ini. Selain dari sudut komersial pelancongan, peningkatan kunjungan pendatang luar ke negara ini dengan sendirinya akan memasyhurkan kemakmuran Malaysia di mata dunia.Pelancongan berasaskan pertanian untuk memberi pengalaman kepada pengguna.
Pelancongan ini diperkenalkan sebagai usaha menggalakkan aktiviti ekonomi dalam kalangan penduduk.
Bincangkan langkah-langkah yang perlu diambil untuk memajukan industri ini agar terus berkembang maju.
Tema: Pelancongan Desa
Isu: Langkah-langkah memajukan Pelancongan Desa
Menulis karangan:
1.Pendahuluan:
Pelancongan merupakan industri perkhidmatan yang kian berkembang maju.
-Tahun 2000, 10.2 juta pelancong berkunjung ke Malaysia.
-Malaysia negara ketiga paling ramai menerima pelancong Asia Timur selepas China dan Hong Kong.
Pelancongan Desa – satu kosep yang unik, sangat sesuai bagi mereka yang ingin merasai pengalaman menjalani cara hidup masyarakat Melayu.
-Pelancongan Desa yang berasaskan pertanian misalnya dapat memberi pengalaman kepada pelancong menghargai hidup kampung dan merasai nikmat alam semulajadi dengan melawat ladang buah-buahan, sayur-sayuran dan ternakan.
2.Isi-isi: Langkah-langkah
a) Pihak kerajaan boleh menggalakkan perniagaan industri-industri ini seperti mengadakan pelbagai kempen serta menyediakan dan mencekapkan infrastruktur. seperti infrastruktur kawasan antaranya rumah penginapan, kantin, bekalan air bersih, elektrik dan kemudahan asas yang lain.
b) Menyediakan aktiviti-aktiviti rekreasi seperti mendaki bukit dan gunung, memancing, berkhemah, melawat gua, merentas hutan , memerhati burung, melawat lading, kebun buah-buahan, berbasikal dan sebagainya.
b) Mempromosikan kawasan pelancongan di desa kepada pelawat daripada dalam negeri dan luar negeri melalui kerjasama agensi-agensi kerajaan dan swasta.
d) Membangunkan kawasan desa yang sesuai untuk tujuan pelancongan dengan menyediakan penginapan dan kawasan menjamu selera.
Kesimpulan:
Pelancongan menjadi suatu bidang pelaburan bijak yang dapat memacu pertumbuhan industri-industri berkaitan yang lain yang kesemuanya berperanan sebagai wahana dalam pembangunan mega Malaysia menuju negara maju dalam abad ini. Selain dari sudut komersial pelancongan, peningkatan kunjungan pendatang luar ke negara ini dengan sendirinya akan memasyhurkan kemakmuran Malaysia di mata dunia.Pelancongan berasaskan pertanian untuk memberi pengalaman kepada pengguna.
KARANGAN : SEMANGAT KEJIRANAN
3. Semangat kejiranan kini semakin luntur dalam kalangan masyarakat Malaysia.
Bincangkan punca-punca mengapa semangat ini semakin luntur dan sarankan pelbagai langkah bagi menangani permasalahan tersebut.
Tema : Semangat kejiranan
Isu ; Punca-punca dan langkah-langkah
Menulis karangan:
1. Pendahuluan:
Maksud jiran dan semangat kejiranan.
-Bandingkan semangat kejiranan dahulu dan sekarang
-Dahulu – rapat. Ungkapan menarik – “ hidup sandar menyandar seperti aur dengan tebing”.
-Sekarang – renggang - Ungkapan menarik – “ bagai enau dalam belukar, melepaskan pucuk masing-masing”.
2. Isi – Punca-punca
a) Perubahan hidup masyarakat sekarang- terlalu sibuk mencari rezeki, mengejar kebendaan, kemewahan dan gaya hidup (keluar awal pagi, pulang pada waktu malam). Kesannya, tidak sempat bertegur sapa/ mengenali jiran tetangga.
- Pekerjaan masyarakat dahulu lebih bercorakkan pertanian di kawasan luar bandar.Konsep gotong royong menjadi amalan bersandar kepada peribahasa, “berat sama dipikul, ringan sama dijinjing”, “hati gajah sama dilapah, hati kuman sama dicecah”.
b) Kemajuan dalam bidang teknologi mempengaruhi kelunturan semangat kejiranan yang mengurangkan amalan kunjung –mengunjungi’
- Sajian pelbagai program menarik melalui media elektronik menyebabkan masyarakat leka dan tidak menghiraukan jiran tetangga.
- Masa dihabiskan di hadapan skrin televisyen.
3. Langkah-langkah:
a) Menghidupkan kembali amalan bergotong –royong – masyarakat akan saling bekerjasama seperti membersih kawasan kediaman, memperbaiki alat-alat permainan dan menebas semak-samun.
- elakkan daripada “nasi menjadi bubur”.
b) Kempen amalan rumah terbuka –
-pada musim perayaan – dapat mengenali jiran tetangga
-kenduri-kendara
-majlis keramaian
-kempen melalui media elektronik/media cetak tentang pentingnya
hubungam kejiranan.
4 .Kesimpulan:
-Semangat kejiranan penting untuk negara(pelbagai bangsa, agama dan budaya
dalam usaha pemupukan semangat perpaduan.
- Ungkapan menarik- “Jiran sepakat membawa berkat”.
Bincangkan punca-punca mengapa semangat ini semakin luntur dan sarankan pelbagai langkah bagi menangani permasalahan tersebut.
Tema : Semangat kejiranan
Isu ; Punca-punca dan langkah-langkah
Menulis karangan:
1. Pendahuluan:
Maksud jiran dan semangat kejiranan.
-Bandingkan semangat kejiranan dahulu dan sekarang
-Dahulu – rapat. Ungkapan menarik – “ hidup sandar menyandar seperti aur dengan tebing”.
-Sekarang – renggang - Ungkapan menarik – “ bagai enau dalam belukar, melepaskan pucuk masing-masing”.
2. Isi – Punca-punca
a) Perubahan hidup masyarakat sekarang- terlalu sibuk mencari rezeki, mengejar kebendaan, kemewahan dan gaya hidup (keluar awal pagi, pulang pada waktu malam). Kesannya, tidak sempat bertegur sapa/ mengenali jiran tetangga.
- Pekerjaan masyarakat dahulu lebih bercorakkan pertanian di kawasan luar bandar.Konsep gotong royong menjadi amalan bersandar kepada peribahasa, “berat sama dipikul, ringan sama dijinjing”, “hati gajah sama dilapah, hati kuman sama dicecah”.
b) Kemajuan dalam bidang teknologi mempengaruhi kelunturan semangat kejiranan yang mengurangkan amalan kunjung –mengunjungi’
- Sajian pelbagai program menarik melalui media elektronik menyebabkan masyarakat leka dan tidak menghiraukan jiran tetangga.
- Masa dihabiskan di hadapan skrin televisyen.
3. Langkah-langkah:
a) Menghidupkan kembali amalan bergotong –royong – masyarakat akan saling bekerjasama seperti membersih kawasan kediaman, memperbaiki alat-alat permainan dan menebas semak-samun.
- elakkan daripada “nasi menjadi bubur”.
b) Kempen amalan rumah terbuka –
-pada musim perayaan – dapat mengenali jiran tetangga
-kenduri-kendara
-majlis keramaian
-kempen melalui media elektronik/media cetak tentang pentingnya
hubungam kejiranan.
4 .Kesimpulan:
-Semangat kejiranan penting untuk negara(pelbagai bangsa, agama dan budaya
dalam usaha pemupukan semangat perpaduan.
- Ungkapan menarik- “Jiran sepakat membawa berkat”.
KARANGAN : LUMBA HARAM
Kegiatan lumba haram sering menjadi ikutan remaja masa kini. Ibu bapa sering dipersalahkan apabila anak-anak terlibat dalam gejala tersebut.
Pada pendapat anda, wajarkah ibu bapa dipersalahkan dalam hal ini?
Beri komen anda berhubung isu tersebut.
Tema: lumba haram
Isu: Ibu bapa wajar dipersalahkan dalam penglibatan anak-anak.
Menulis karangan:
1.Pendahuluan:
-Definisi lumba haram.
-Golongan yang terlibat, biasanya secara berkumpulan.
-Penyumbang kepada peningkatan kemalangan jalan raya
2. Isi:
1. Ibu bapa wajar dipersalahkan dalam mengawal kegiatan anak-
anak(punca).
- ibu bapa sibuk mencari rezeki/bekerja sehingga ketiadaan masa untuk mengawal pergerakan anak-anak – letih selepas pulang dari bekerja.
2. Ibu bapa terlalu memberi kebebasan kepada anak-anak
– tiada/kurang kawalan.
- menurut segala kemahuan/keinginan anak-anak – membeli motor
menyebabkan nereka menjadi liar.
Ungkapan menarik yang sesuai: “melentur buluh biarlah dari rebungnya”, “sayangkan anak tangan-tangankan, sayangkan isteri tinggal-tinggalkan.”
3. Faktor lain/punca lain:
1.Sikap remaja itu sendiri – ingin mencuba, menunjukkan kehebatan apabila berada di jalan raya., tidak mahu dikongkong dan pantang dicabar.
2.Pengaruh persekitaran dan rakan sebaya yang suka berlumba.
-Pengaruh melalui media elektronik (filem/ televisyen) yang memaparkan aksi-aksi hebat Mat Rempit di jalan raya dan remaja cuba meniru.
-Masyarakat tidak ambil peduli /kurang teguran ( Ungkapan menarik : “jaga
tepi kain orang,” “bagai enau dalam belukar, melepaskan pucuk masing-
masing” )
4. Langkah-langkah:
- Ibu bapa perlu lebih prihatin – bertindak tegas terhadap anak-anak.
- Penguatkuasaan undang-undang, rondaan lebih kerap, pasang kamera litar tertutup.
- Kempen, ceramah.
5. Kesimpulan :
Semua pihak perlu bekerjasama
Ungkapan menarik : “Pemuda harapan bangsa, pemudi tiang negara”.
Pada pendapat anda, wajarkah ibu bapa dipersalahkan dalam hal ini?
Beri komen anda berhubung isu tersebut.
Tema: lumba haram
Isu: Ibu bapa wajar dipersalahkan dalam penglibatan anak-anak.
Menulis karangan:
1.Pendahuluan:
-Definisi lumba haram.
-Golongan yang terlibat, biasanya secara berkumpulan.
-Penyumbang kepada peningkatan kemalangan jalan raya
2. Isi:
1. Ibu bapa wajar dipersalahkan dalam mengawal kegiatan anak-
anak(punca).
- ibu bapa sibuk mencari rezeki/bekerja sehingga ketiadaan masa untuk mengawal pergerakan anak-anak – letih selepas pulang dari bekerja.
2. Ibu bapa terlalu memberi kebebasan kepada anak-anak
– tiada/kurang kawalan.
- menurut segala kemahuan/keinginan anak-anak – membeli motor
menyebabkan nereka menjadi liar.
Ungkapan menarik yang sesuai: “melentur buluh biarlah dari rebungnya”, “sayangkan anak tangan-tangankan, sayangkan isteri tinggal-tinggalkan.”
3. Faktor lain/punca lain:
1.Sikap remaja itu sendiri – ingin mencuba, menunjukkan kehebatan apabila berada di jalan raya., tidak mahu dikongkong dan pantang dicabar.
2.Pengaruh persekitaran dan rakan sebaya yang suka berlumba.
-Pengaruh melalui media elektronik (filem/ televisyen) yang memaparkan aksi-aksi hebat Mat Rempit di jalan raya dan remaja cuba meniru.
-Masyarakat tidak ambil peduli /kurang teguran ( Ungkapan menarik : “jaga
tepi kain orang,” “bagai enau dalam belukar, melepaskan pucuk masing-
masing” )
4. Langkah-langkah:
- Ibu bapa perlu lebih prihatin – bertindak tegas terhadap anak-anak.
- Penguatkuasaan undang-undang, rondaan lebih kerap, pasang kamera litar tertutup.
- Kempen, ceramah.
5. Kesimpulan :
Semua pihak perlu bekerjasama
Ungkapan menarik : “Pemuda harapan bangsa, pemudi tiang negara”.
KARANGAN : Semangat cinta akan tanah air
Semangat cinta akan negara perlu dipupuk sejak kecil. Hal ini bagi mengekalkan keamanan, kehamonian dan kesejahteraan di negara kita.
Sebagai pelajar, berikan komen anda berhubung pernyataan tersebut.
Tema : Semangat cinta akan tanah air.
Isu : Langkah-langkah memupuk semangat cinta akan tanah air dan kepentingannya.
Menulis karangan:
1. Pendahuluan:
Mulakan dengan peribahasa: ‘Kalau melentur buluh, biar dari rebungnya” atau peribahasa Arab yang bermaksud ,“ mendidik anak kecil umpama mengukir atas batu, sebaliknya mendidik anak setelah dewasa umpama mengukir di atas air”.
Kajian yang dijalankan oleh pakar dalam bidang pendidikan mengakui bahawa didikan ibu bapa terhadap anak-anak kecil mempunyai kesan terhadap perwatakan anak setelah dewasa. Ketika usia masih muda, jiwa dan emosi anak-anak lebih mudah dibentuk dan dididik ke arah menghayati semangat cinta akan negara. Anak-anak akan menjadikan ibu bapa dan ahli keluarga sebagai rujukan untuk mempelajari tingkah laku terpuji termasuk menyemai semangat cinta akan negara.
2. Isi:
1 Peranan ibu bapa dalam menyatakan kepentingannya.
- ibu bapa menjadi contoh terbaik untuk diikuti
- contoh : menggunakan barangan buatan tempatan.
2 Kempen melalui media massa.
- drama dan filem bertema semangat cinta akan negara
- contoh : filem “Bukit Kepong”.
- Filem dokumentari yang memaparkan semangat cinta akan negara.
- Iklan pendek
3 Peranan pihak sekolah
- melalui aktiviti P&P dalam bilik darjah. – Mata pelajaran Sivik dan Sejarah (memperkenalkan tokoh-tokoh sejarah )
- Melalui aktiviti kokurikulum : Lawatan ke tempat bersejarah, sambutan Bulan Kemerdekaan( sajak, teater, lagu-lagu patriotik)
- Kempen beli barangan buatan tempatan
4. Kesimpulan;
Sebagai pelajar, berikan komen anda berhubung pernyataan tersebut.
Tema : Semangat cinta akan tanah air.
Isu : Langkah-langkah memupuk semangat cinta akan tanah air dan kepentingannya.
Menulis karangan:
1. Pendahuluan:
Mulakan dengan peribahasa: ‘Kalau melentur buluh, biar dari rebungnya” atau peribahasa Arab yang bermaksud ,“ mendidik anak kecil umpama mengukir atas batu, sebaliknya mendidik anak setelah dewasa umpama mengukir di atas air”.
Kajian yang dijalankan oleh pakar dalam bidang pendidikan mengakui bahawa didikan ibu bapa terhadap anak-anak kecil mempunyai kesan terhadap perwatakan anak setelah dewasa. Ketika usia masih muda, jiwa dan emosi anak-anak lebih mudah dibentuk dan dididik ke arah menghayati semangat cinta akan negara. Anak-anak akan menjadikan ibu bapa dan ahli keluarga sebagai rujukan untuk mempelajari tingkah laku terpuji termasuk menyemai semangat cinta akan negara.
2. Isi:
1 Peranan ibu bapa dalam menyatakan kepentingannya.
- ibu bapa menjadi contoh terbaik untuk diikuti
- contoh : menggunakan barangan buatan tempatan.
2 Kempen melalui media massa.
- drama dan filem bertema semangat cinta akan negara
- contoh : filem “Bukit Kepong”.
- Filem dokumentari yang memaparkan semangat cinta akan negara.
- Iklan pendek
3 Peranan pihak sekolah
- melalui aktiviti P&P dalam bilik darjah. – Mata pelajaran Sivik dan Sejarah (memperkenalkan tokoh-tokoh sejarah )
- Melalui aktiviti kokurikulum : Lawatan ke tempat bersejarah, sambutan Bulan Kemerdekaan( sajak, teater, lagu-lagu patriotik)
- Kempen beli barangan buatan tempatan
4. Kesimpulan;
KARANGAN : GEJALA BULI
Pendahuluan:
Belakangan ini, masalah buli dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah yang tinggal di asrama semakin menjadi-jadi. Ada pelajar yang dibuli dengan teruk sehingga menimbulkan trauma dalam diri mereka. Malah, ada pelajar yang dibelasah hingga mati. Kejadian ini bukan sahaja membimbangkan ibu bapa, malah pihak kerajaan juga. Oleh itu, usaha-usaha mengatasinya perlu dilakukan segera agar nasi tidak menjadi bubur.
Isi Karangan:
1. Peranan ibu bapa
- hendaklah memberikan didikan dan kasih sayang yang secukupnya kepada anak-anak
- mengeratkan hubungan antara ahli keluarga
- ibu bapa menerapkan nilai kasih sayang sejak kecil kepada anak-anak supaya tidak berpotensi untuk membuli orang lain.
2. Peranan pihak sekolah
- menguatkuasakan undang-undang dan peraturan sekolah
- pelajar yang bersalah dan terlibat dengan kegiatan buli perlu diambil tindakan dan
dikenakan denda/hukuman.
- tindakan buang sekolah dan melaporkan kepada pihak berkuasa
- merangka aktiviti kokurikulum yang menarik di sekolah- menerapkan nilai murni.
3. memberi pendedahan didikan agama dan moral yang tinggi kepada pelajar.
- mengadakan kelas agama di sekolah
- mengaji al-quran
- ceramah motivasi
- menghidupkan usrah dan rakan masjid
4. Peranan Kerajaan
- Kementerian Pelajaran memperkenalkan kempen antibuli
- menjayakan kempen bersama-sama dengan anggota masyarakat yang lain,
“bersatu teguh, bercerai roboh”.
- Sentiasa membuat pemantauan oleh pihak berkuasa. Jangan “sudah terantuk baru
nak terngadah”.
Penutup:
- Masalah buli dapat ditangani dengan segera
- Setiap masalah pasti ada cara mengatasinya
- sediakan payung sebelum hujan
- Semua pihak perlu bersatu hati menangani gejala buli.
Belakangan ini, masalah buli dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah yang tinggal di asrama semakin menjadi-jadi. Ada pelajar yang dibuli dengan teruk sehingga menimbulkan trauma dalam diri mereka. Malah, ada pelajar yang dibelasah hingga mati. Kejadian ini bukan sahaja membimbangkan ibu bapa, malah pihak kerajaan juga. Oleh itu, usaha-usaha mengatasinya perlu dilakukan segera agar nasi tidak menjadi bubur.
Isi Karangan:
1. Peranan ibu bapa
- hendaklah memberikan didikan dan kasih sayang yang secukupnya kepada anak-anak
- mengeratkan hubungan antara ahli keluarga
- ibu bapa menerapkan nilai kasih sayang sejak kecil kepada anak-anak supaya tidak berpotensi untuk membuli orang lain.
2. Peranan pihak sekolah
- menguatkuasakan undang-undang dan peraturan sekolah
- pelajar yang bersalah dan terlibat dengan kegiatan buli perlu diambil tindakan dan
dikenakan denda/hukuman.
- tindakan buang sekolah dan melaporkan kepada pihak berkuasa
- merangka aktiviti kokurikulum yang menarik di sekolah- menerapkan nilai murni.
3. memberi pendedahan didikan agama dan moral yang tinggi kepada pelajar.
- mengadakan kelas agama di sekolah
- mengaji al-quran
- ceramah motivasi
- menghidupkan usrah dan rakan masjid
4. Peranan Kerajaan
- Kementerian Pelajaran memperkenalkan kempen antibuli
- menjayakan kempen bersama-sama dengan anggota masyarakat yang lain,
“bersatu teguh, bercerai roboh”.
- Sentiasa membuat pemantauan oleh pihak berkuasa. Jangan “sudah terantuk baru
nak terngadah”.
Penutup:
- Masalah buli dapat ditangani dengan segera
- Setiap masalah pasti ada cara mengatasinya
- sediakan payung sebelum hujan
- Semua pihak perlu bersatu hati menangani gejala buli.
KARANGAN : KERACUNAN MAKANAN
Pendahuluan:
Kejadian murid atau pelajar sekolah mengalami keracunan makanan kerap berlaku di negara ini. Kejadian itu bukan sahaja menyebabkan murid atau pelajar yang terlibat ketinggalan dalam pelajaran kerana terpaksa bermalam di hospital selama beberapa hari tetapi meletakkan nyawa mereka dalam bahaya. Kebanyakan kejadian itu berpunca daripada pengabaian kebersihan makanan dan cara penyediaan makanan yang tidak dititikberatkan soal-soal kebersihannya. Hal ini dapat dielakkan jika semua pihak berhati-hati dalam soal kebersihan.
Isi karangan: Langkah-langkah untuk mengelakkan keracunan makanan berlaku
1. Para penyelia dan pembekal makanan mestilah mengamalkan kebersihan
- memastikan makanan yang disediakan dan dibekalkan bersih
- mesti memastikan makanan yang disediakan belum mencapai tarikh luput.
- Tahap kesihatan petugas-petugas di kantin perlu berada pada keadaan yang
baik.
2. Peranan pelajar
- mengelakkan diri mereka daripada makan di kawasan yang terdedah pada
persekitaran yang kotor.
- perlu senantiasa berwaspada terhadap makanan yang dimakan belum luput
Tarikh.
- mengamalkan kebersihan – basuh tangan sebelum makan
3. Pihak Kementerian Kesihatan
- membuat pengawasan aspek kebersihan terhadap pengusaha dan pembekal
makanan.
- pemantauan dibuat secara berkala dan kerap – bukan sekadar hangat-hangat tahi
ayam.
- mengenakan denda kepada pengusaha dan pembekal makanan yang melanggar
peraturan.
- mengadakan kempen kepada pelajar sekolah – tujuan untuk mendidik pelajar
tentang peri pentingnya aspek penjagaan kebersihan makanan.
Kesimpulan:
Masalah keracunan makanan dalam kalangan pelajar tidak akan berlaku seandainya semua pihak sedar akan tanggungjawab masing-masing. Pengusaha dan pembekal makanan tidak harus ‘menganiaya” dan “mengorbankan” para pelajar semata-mata hendak mengaut keuntungan yang besar. Pelajar pula tidak harus membiarkan rasa lapar dan dahaga menguasai diri sehingga mengabaikan “kemurnian” makanan dan minuman yang hendak diisikan ke dalam perut.
Kejadian murid atau pelajar sekolah mengalami keracunan makanan kerap berlaku di negara ini. Kejadian itu bukan sahaja menyebabkan murid atau pelajar yang terlibat ketinggalan dalam pelajaran kerana terpaksa bermalam di hospital selama beberapa hari tetapi meletakkan nyawa mereka dalam bahaya. Kebanyakan kejadian itu berpunca daripada pengabaian kebersihan makanan dan cara penyediaan makanan yang tidak dititikberatkan soal-soal kebersihannya. Hal ini dapat dielakkan jika semua pihak berhati-hati dalam soal kebersihan.
Isi karangan: Langkah-langkah untuk mengelakkan keracunan makanan berlaku
1. Para penyelia dan pembekal makanan mestilah mengamalkan kebersihan
- memastikan makanan yang disediakan dan dibekalkan bersih
- mesti memastikan makanan yang disediakan belum mencapai tarikh luput.
- Tahap kesihatan petugas-petugas di kantin perlu berada pada keadaan yang
baik.
2. Peranan pelajar
- mengelakkan diri mereka daripada makan di kawasan yang terdedah pada
persekitaran yang kotor.
- perlu senantiasa berwaspada terhadap makanan yang dimakan belum luput
Tarikh.
- mengamalkan kebersihan – basuh tangan sebelum makan
3. Pihak Kementerian Kesihatan
- membuat pengawasan aspek kebersihan terhadap pengusaha dan pembekal
makanan.
- pemantauan dibuat secara berkala dan kerap – bukan sekadar hangat-hangat tahi
ayam.
- mengenakan denda kepada pengusaha dan pembekal makanan yang melanggar
peraturan.
- mengadakan kempen kepada pelajar sekolah – tujuan untuk mendidik pelajar
tentang peri pentingnya aspek penjagaan kebersihan makanan.
Kesimpulan:
Masalah keracunan makanan dalam kalangan pelajar tidak akan berlaku seandainya semua pihak sedar akan tanggungjawab masing-masing. Pengusaha dan pembekal makanan tidak harus ‘menganiaya” dan “mengorbankan” para pelajar semata-mata hendak mengaut keuntungan yang besar. Pelajar pula tidak harus membiarkan rasa lapar dan dahaga menguasai diri sehingga mengabaikan “kemurnian” makanan dan minuman yang hendak diisikan ke dalam perut.
KARANGAN : PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL
Pendahuluan:
Dalam era globalisasi ini, permainan tradisional mula dilupakan. Hal ini terjadi kerana pengaruh permainan moden seperti permainan video, permainan komputer, dan sebagainya berleluasa di pasaran. Mungkin ramai orang tidak tahu bahawa permainan tradisional membawa banyak kebaikan jika permainan ini dipraktikkan oleh generasi muda hari ini. Oleh itu, usaha-usaha tertentu perlu diambil untuk mempopularkan permainan ini, terutamanya kepada generasi muda.
Isi-isi karangan: cara-cara mempopularkan permainan tradisional
1. Peranan pihak sekolah
- mengadakan kegiatan kokurikulum yang berkaitan dengan permainan tradisional,
Contohnya permainan congkak, mencipta wau sobek atau pertandingan bermain
sepak raga.
- tujuannya supaya generasi muda terutama pelajar sekolah kenal dengan
permainan tradisional dan boleh mengetahui cara-cara bermain permainan ini.
2. Peranan pihak Kementerian Kesenian, Kebudayaan, dan Warisan
- mengadakan pesta permainan ini tradisional di peringkat negeri atau kebangsaan.
- memperluaskan permainan ini hingga ke peringkat antarabangsa ; contohnya
permainan wau dan permainan sepak raga (Sepak takraw).
- perkenalkan kepada pelancong melalui program pelancongan ; “tak kenal maka
tak cinta.
3. Peranan media massa
- menyiarkan program yang memaparkan permainan tradisional dan cara-cara
permainan itu dihasilkan.
- Menyiarkan program sukaneka berteraskan permainan tradisional (sukan rakyat)
seperti program ‘telematch” yang disiarkan oleh media massa Eropah.
Kesimpulan:
Dalam usaha untuk mengekalkan permainan tradisional, pihak yang berkenaan haruslah mengambil langkah yang sesuai untuk memperkembangkan dan memajukannya. Hal ini demikian kerana permainan tradisional membawa banyak kebaikan kepada masyarakat dan negara. Dalam Bidang pelancongan permainan tradisional dapat dijadikan daya tarikan pelancong. Khazanah permainan tradisional, sekiranya tidak dikekalkan akan melenyapkan jati diri bangsa.
Dalam era globalisasi ini, permainan tradisional mula dilupakan. Hal ini terjadi kerana pengaruh permainan moden seperti permainan video, permainan komputer, dan sebagainya berleluasa di pasaran. Mungkin ramai orang tidak tahu bahawa permainan tradisional membawa banyak kebaikan jika permainan ini dipraktikkan oleh generasi muda hari ini. Oleh itu, usaha-usaha tertentu perlu diambil untuk mempopularkan permainan ini, terutamanya kepada generasi muda.
Isi-isi karangan: cara-cara mempopularkan permainan tradisional
1. Peranan pihak sekolah
- mengadakan kegiatan kokurikulum yang berkaitan dengan permainan tradisional,
Contohnya permainan congkak, mencipta wau sobek atau pertandingan bermain
sepak raga.
- tujuannya supaya generasi muda terutama pelajar sekolah kenal dengan
permainan tradisional dan boleh mengetahui cara-cara bermain permainan ini.
2. Peranan pihak Kementerian Kesenian, Kebudayaan, dan Warisan
- mengadakan pesta permainan ini tradisional di peringkat negeri atau kebangsaan.
- memperluaskan permainan ini hingga ke peringkat antarabangsa ; contohnya
permainan wau dan permainan sepak raga (Sepak takraw).
- perkenalkan kepada pelancong melalui program pelancongan ; “tak kenal maka
tak cinta.
3. Peranan media massa
- menyiarkan program yang memaparkan permainan tradisional dan cara-cara
permainan itu dihasilkan.
- Menyiarkan program sukaneka berteraskan permainan tradisional (sukan rakyat)
seperti program ‘telematch” yang disiarkan oleh media massa Eropah.
Kesimpulan:
Dalam usaha untuk mengekalkan permainan tradisional, pihak yang berkenaan haruslah mengambil langkah yang sesuai untuk memperkembangkan dan memajukannya. Hal ini demikian kerana permainan tradisional membawa banyak kebaikan kepada masyarakat dan negara. Dalam Bidang pelancongan permainan tradisional dapat dijadikan daya tarikan pelancong. Khazanah permainan tradisional, sekiranya tidak dikekalkan akan melenyapkan jati diri bangsa.
KARANGAN : KEPENTINGAN SUNGAI
Pendahuluan:
Pada masa kini, dunia mengahadapi krisis bekalan air bersih. Hal ini demikian kerana masalah pencemaran air yang berlaku. Pencemaran yang berlaku telah mengakibatkan kawasan tadahan air musnah dan sungai serta tasik tercemar. Keadaan ini memberi kesan yang bukan sedikit kepada manusia dan hidupan yang lain. Salah satu punca air yang utama yang perlu dikekalkan dalam keadaan bersih ialah sungai.
Isi karangan:
1. Sungai sebagai sumber air kepada manusia dan haiwan
- manusia menggunakan air untuk pelbagai tujuan seperti untuk sumber minuman,
dan kegunaan domestik- mencuci, memasak dan mencuci.
2. Sebagai sumber bekalan -
- sungai merupakan habitat haiwan akuatik seperti ikan, udang dan ketam
yang membekalkan sumber protein.
- hidupan akuatik ini merupakan sumber protein alternatif bagi manusia sekiranya
sumber protein dari laut sukar diperoleh.
3. Sungai boleh dijadikan tempat untuk beriadah
- tempat berkelah
- aktiviti memancing
- pusat rekreasi – aktiviti bersampan, berkayak dan lain-lain
4. Sungai mewujudkan peluang pekerjaan dan menambahkan pendapatan
- resort didirikan
- gerai-gerai dibina
- rumah persinggahan
Kesimpulan:
Kepentingan sungai kepada manusia memang sudah dikenal pasti sejak zaman-berzaman. Pada masa dahulu sungai dijadikan jalan perhubungan antara satu tempat ke satu tempat yang lain. Pekan-pekan dan kota terbina di sepanjang sungai. Fungsi sungai itu masih kekal sehingga sekarang. Oleh itu sungai perlu dijaga dan dipelihara. Kempen Cintai Sungai dan Program Sungai angkat perlu diteruskan dan diperkasakan semula demi kepentingan manusia dan mengekalkan kawasan bekalan air bersih.
Pada masa kini, dunia mengahadapi krisis bekalan air bersih. Hal ini demikian kerana masalah pencemaran air yang berlaku. Pencemaran yang berlaku telah mengakibatkan kawasan tadahan air musnah dan sungai serta tasik tercemar. Keadaan ini memberi kesan yang bukan sedikit kepada manusia dan hidupan yang lain. Salah satu punca air yang utama yang perlu dikekalkan dalam keadaan bersih ialah sungai.
Isi karangan:
1. Sungai sebagai sumber air kepada manusia dan haiwan
- manusia menggunakan air untuk pelbagai tujuan seperti untuk sumber minuman,
dan kegunaan domestik- mencuci, memasak dan mencuci.
2. Sebagai sumber bekalan -
- sungai merupakan habitat haiwan akuatik seperti ikan, udang dan ketam
yang membekalkan sumber protein.
- hidupan akuatik ini merupakan sumber protein alternatif bagi manusia sekiranya
sumber protein dari laut sukar diperoleh.
3. Sungai boleh dijadikan tempat untuk beriadah
- tempat berkelah
- aktiviti memancing
- pusat rekreasi – aktiviti bersampan, berkayak dan lain-lain
4. Sungai mewujudkan peluang pekerjaan dan menambahkan pendapatan
- resort didirikan
- gerai-gerai dibina
- rumah persinggahan
Kesimpulan:
Kepentingan sungai kepada manusia memang sudah dikenal pasti sejak zaman-berzaman. Pada masa dahulu sungai dijadikan jalan perhubungan antara satu tempat ke satu tempat yang lain. Pekan-pekan dan kota terbina di sepanjang sungai. Fungsi sungai itu masih kekal sehingga sekarang. Oleh itu sungai perlu dijaga dan dipelihara. Kempen Cintai Sungai dan Program Sungai angkat perlu diteruskan dan diperkasakan semula demi kepentingan manusia dan mengekalkan kawasan bekalan air bersih.
KARANGAN : USAHA MELINDUNGI HIDUPAN LIAR
Pendahuluan:
Ancaman kepupusan hidupan liar yang menjadi sebahagian daripada sistem ekologi kini merupakan masalah global. Kerap kali berita tentang isu tersebut menjadi tajuk utama dalam media. Aktiviti manusia dikatakan punca utama hidupan liar pupus. Oleh itu usaha-usaha yang berkesan seharusnya dilakukan.
Isi karangan:
1. Tindakan undang-undang tegas oleh pihak kerajaan
- kepada pesalah yang memburu haiwan liar dikenakan hukuman
-tujuan mereka akan serik
2. kerajaan menambahkan bilangan pegawai perhutanan
- pemantauan yang menyeluruh dapat dilakukan kerana cukup kakitangan
- memastikan kawalan terhadap pemburu haram dapat dilakukan
- dapat membanteras kegiatan memburu hidupan liar
- proses pemuliharaan hidupan liar dapat dijayakan.
3. Peranan Jabatan PERHILITAN
-mempertingkatkan penyelidikan saintitifik
- mengawal kepupusan hidupan liar akibat penyakit dan wabak
- menambah baik pengurusan zoo dan Taman Negara.
4. Usaha pembiakan hidupan liar di kawasan yang lebih selamat
- mewartakan lebih banyak hutan simpan
- memastikan habitat haiwan liar selesa dan tidak diganggu
Kesimpulan:
Manusia harus menghargai hidupan liar dengan menyeimbangkan pembangunan dan memberi perlindungan terhadap hidupan liar agar generasi akan datang dapat melihat khazanah ini. Kita tidak mahu generasi akan datang hanya mengenali hidupan liar ini melalui buku dan gambar akibat daripada kerakusan generasi kini.
Ancaman kepupusan hidupan liar yang menjadi sebahagian daripada sistem ekologi kini merupakan masalah global. Kerap kali berita tentang isu tersebut menjadi tajuk utama dalam media. Aktiviti manusia dikatakan punca utama hidupan liar pupus. Oleh itu usaha-usaha yang berkesan seharusnya dilakukan.
Isi karangan:
1. Tindakan undang-undang tegas oleh pihak kerajaan
- kepada pesalah yang memburu haiwan liar dikenakan hukuman
-tujuan mereka akan serik
2. kerajaan menambahkan bilangan pegawai perhutanan
- pemantauan yang menyeluruh dapat dilakukan kerana cukup kakitangan
- memastikan kawalan terhadap pemburu haram dapat dilakukan
- dapat membanteras kegiatan memburu hidupan liar
- proses pemuliharaan hidupan liar dapat dijayakan.
3. Peranan Jabatan PERHILITAN
-mempertingkatkan penyelidikan saintitifik
- mengawal kepupusan hidupan liar akibat penyakit dan wabak
- menambah baik pengurusan zoo dan Taman Negara.
4. Usaha pembiakan hidupan liar di kawasan yang lebih selamat
- mewartakan lebih banyak hutan simpan
- memastikan habitat haiwan liar selesa dan tidak diganggu
Kesimpulan:
Manusia harus menghargai hidupan liar dengan menyeimbangkan pembangunan dan memberi perlindungan terhadap hidupan liar agar generasi akan datang dapat melihat khazanah ini. Kita tidak mahu generasi akan datang hanya mengenali hidupan liar ini melalui buku dan gambar akibat daripada kerakusan generasi kini.
KARANGAN : SEMANGAT PATRIOTIK REMAJA
Pendahuluan:
Tanggal 31 Ogos 2007, maka genap 50 tahun Malaysia merdeka. Pelbagai program telah dijalankan selama tempoh tersebut sebagai pengisian kemerdekaan. Namun begitu, akibat ledakan maklumat yang tanpa sempadan, sedikit demi sedikit masyarakat kini, terutama golongan remaja kehilangan semangat patriotik dalam diri mereka.
Isi Karangan:
1. Kerajaan berhasrat melahirkan generasi bersemangat patriotik.
- Mengadakan Program Latihan Khidmat Negara (PLKN)
- Aktiviti PLKN merangkumi penghayatan ilmu pengetahuan,
ketatanegaraan, bina insan, dan khidmat komuniti
- penerapan nilai murni semasa PLKN iaitu memantapkan kekuatan
jati diri, kekuatan fizikal dan rohani.
2. Penglibatan remaja dalam aktiviti sambutan Bulan Kemerdekaan
- menyertai Perarakan Hari Kebangsaan, Program Kibarkan Jalur Gemilang,
menyertai pertandingan deklamasi sajak Hari Merdeka dan aktiviti-aktiviti lain
yang bercorak patriotik - dapat menyemarakkan semangat patriotik dalam
diri remaja.
3. Peranan kerajaan, media massa dan badan-badan bukan kerajaan menjadi pencetus kepada semangat patriotik remaja.
a) Media massa – menerbitkan program berbentuk dokumentari, rencana yang bercorak patriotisme atau filem-filem yang memaparkan tokoh pejuang bangsa.
b) Bicara tokoh – temuramah dengan pejuang kemerdekaan
Kesimpulan:
Pelbagai pihak perlu memainkan peranan aktif dalam menyemarakkan semangat patriotisme dalam kalangan remaja agar mereka menempuh kehidupan dengan nilai jati diri yang utuh, bak kata, “melentur buluh biarlah dari rebungnya”. Oleh itu, penglibatan golongan ini dalam aktiviti yang berteraskan patriotisme sememangnya wajar kerana merekalah tonggak kepimpinan akan datang.
Tanggal 31 Ogos 2007, maka genap 50 tahun Malaysia merdeka. Pelbagai program telah dijalankan selama tempoh tersebut sebagai pengisian kemerdekaan. Namun begitu, akibat ledakan maklumat yang tanpa sempadan, sedikit demi sedikit masyarakat kini, terutama golongan remaja kehilangan semangat patriotik dalam diri mereka.
Isi Karangan:
1. Kerajaan berhasrat melahirkan generasi bersemangat patriotik.
- Mengadakan Program Latihan Khidmat Negara (PLKN)
- Aktiviti PLKN merangkumi penghayatan ilmu pengetahuan,
ketatanegaraan, bina insan, dan khidmat komuniti
- penerapan nilai murni semasa PLKN iaitu memantapkan kekuatan
jati diri, kekuatan fizikal dan rohani.
2. Penglibatan remaja dalam aktiviti sambutan Bulan Kemerdekaan
- menyertai Perarakan Hari Kebangsaan, Program Kibarkan Jalur Gemilang,
menyertai pertandingan deklamasi sajak Hari Merdeka dan aktiviti-aktiviti lain
yang bercorak patriotik - dapat menyemarakkan semangat patriotik dalam
diri remaja.
3. Peranan kerajaan, media massa dan badan-badan bukan kerajaan menjadi pencetus kepada semangat patriotik remaja.
a) Media massa – menerbitkan program berbentuk dokumentari, rencana yang bercorak patriotisme atau filem-filem yang memaparkan tokoh pejuang bangsa.
b) Bicara tokoh – temuramah dengan pejuang kemerdekaan
Kesimpulan:
Pelbagai pihak perlu memainkan peranan aktif dalam menyemarakkan semangat patriotisme dalam kalangan remaja agar mereka menempuh kehidupan dengan nilai jati diri yang utuh, bak kata, “melentur buluh biarlah dari rebungnya”. Oleh itu, penglibatan golongan ini dalam aktiviti yang berteraskan patriotisme sememangnya wajar kerana merekalah tonggak kepimpinan akan datang.
KARANGAN : CARA MANFAAT MASA LAPANG
Pendahuluan:
Memanfaatkan masa lapang amat penting bagi golongan remaja pada masa kini. Hal ini demikian kerana dengan cara memanfaatkan masa lapang akan dapat menghindarkan seseorang itu daripada gejala yang tidak baik seperti budaya lepak, lumba haram, masalah pergaulan bebas dan sebagainya. Sememangnya Tuhan memberikan kita masa selama 24 jam sehari, maka bergantunglah kepada kita untuk memanfaatkan masa itu dengan sebaik-baiknya agar tidak merugikan diri sendiri, bak kata pepatah, “masa itu emas”.
Isi karangan:
1. Golongan pelajar boleh memanfaatkan masa lapang
- dengan mengulangkaji pelajaran
- menyiapkan kerja rumah.
- dengan cara memanfaatkan masa lapang, pelajar sentiasa bersedia
menghadapi peperiksaan.
2. Memanfaatkan masa lapang dengan melakukan aktiviti riadah
- dapat menyihatkan badan
- menjalankan gaya hidup sihat, dapat menghindari penyakit
- merehatkan badan dan minda setelah penat bekerja
3. Mengadakan lawatan sambil belajar atau melancong
- jauh berjalan luas pemandangan
- menambahkan ilmu pengetahuan tentang negara sendiri atau negara orang
- pengetahuan boleh dimanfaatkan dalam pembelajaran di bilik darjah
4. Membantu ibu bapa melakukan kerja rumah
- cara membalas jasa ibu bapa
- meringankan beban tugas ibu bapa
- mengasah kemahiran atau bakat yang ada. Contoh, membantu ibu memasak
- memastikan persekitaran rumah bersih dan selamat didiami
Kesimpulan:
Setiap anggota masyarakat perlu tahu bagaimana cara yang baik untuk memanfaatkan masa lapang. Pengisian masa lapang dengan pelbagai perkara berfaedah akan dapat memberi pulangan yang baik kepada setiap individu.
Memanfaatkan masa lapang amat penting bagi golongan remaja pada masa kini. Hal ini demikian kerana dengan cara memanfaatkan masa lapang akan dapat menghindarkan seseorang itu daripada gejala yang tidak baik seperti budaya lepak, lumba haram, masalah pergaulan bebas dan sebagainya. Sememangnya Tuhan memberikan kita masa selama 24 jam sehari, maka bergantunglah kepada kita untuk memanfaatkan masa itu dengan sebaik-baiknya agar tidak merugikan diri sendiri, bak kata pepatah, “masa itu emas”.
Isi karangan:
1. Golongan pelajar boleh memanfaatkan masa lapang
- dengan mengulangkaji pelajaran
- menyiapkan kerja rumah.
- dengan cara memanfaatkan masa lapang, pelajar sentiasa bersedia
menghadapi peperiksaan.
2. Memanfaatkan masa lapang dengan melakukan aktiviti riadah
- dapat menyihatkan badan
- menjalankan gaya hidup sihat, dapat menghindari penyakit
- merehatkan badan dan minda setelah penat bekerja
3. Mengadakan lawatan sambil belajar atau melancong
- jauh berjalan luas pemandangan
- menambahkan ilmu pengetahuan tentang negara sendiri atau negara orang
- pengetahuan boleh dimanfaatkan dalam pembelajaran di bilik darjah
4. Membantu ibu bapa melakukan kerja rumah
- cara membalas jasa ibu bapa
- meringankan beban tugas ibu bapa
- mengasah kemahiran atau bakat yang ada. Contoh, membantu ibu memasak
- memastikan persekitaran rumah bersih dan selamat didiami
Kesimpulan:
Setiap anggota masyarakat perlu tahu bagaimana cara yang baik untuk memanfaatkan masa lapang. Pengisian masa lapang dengan pelbagai perkara berfaedah akan dapat memberi pulangan yang baik kepada setiap individu.
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